1. Status and planning reports of JPNIC
宇井隆晴(UI, Takaharu)
JPNIC
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

2. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
.JP domain name space
AD.JP: Network Administrative Organizations
CO.JP: Commercial Companies
AC.JP: Academic Organizations
GO.JP: Governmental Agencies
OR.JP: Other types of Organizations
NE.JP: Network Service Domains (from Nov. 6, 1996)
GR.JP: Group Domains (from Dec. 1, 1997)
ED.JP: Schools (from Feb. 1, 1999)
GEO: Geographical Domains
TOKYO.JP
YOKOHAMA.JP
...
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

3. JPNIC Registered Domains
ftp://ftp.nic.ad.jp/jpnic/statistics/Allocated_Domains
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

4. Registration Policy(ASCII DN)
First-come, first-served
One domain name per organization
Non-transferable
Local presence in Japan
Discussion underway with a view to changing these policies
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

5. Future Plan for ASCII DN
Effectuate dispute resolution procedure.
For problems of cyber squatting, conflict with trademarks, and so on.
Relax limitations for number of domain name registration.
… the above plans hopefully be realized within this year.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

6. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
JPNIC Status of mDN
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

7. Current status of JPNIC
JPNIC published statement about multilingual domain name on 25th Feb, and will publish revised version very soon.
Please check our web page described in next page.
JPNIC promotes standardization actively cooperate with IETF, MINC and related organizations.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

8. Current status of JPNIC
JPNIC formed a task force to deal with multilingual domain name issues.
IDN Task Force is in charge of research and development of IDN issues.
JPNIC started webpage about multilingual domain name on middle of March. The URL is:
JPNIC began joint meeting with another NICs for information exchange and discuss about multilingual domain name related issues.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

9. JPNIC implementations
JPNIC has 2 own experimental implementations of multilingual DNS.
Those 2 experimental implementations were study of university students who were JPNIC IDN-TF members.
JPNIC is planning to modify our implementations referring to the requirements of us presented at 47th IETF.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

10. JPNIC implementations – IDNX/idnx-jp
Simple DNS proxy to translate Japanese local character encodings into UTF-5.
Add invisible ZLD when .日本 is TLD in query.
Refer to IETF draft.
Design goal is to separate internationalization part and localization part easily.
No additional canonicalization or normalization in internationalization part.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

11. JPNIC implementations – GDNS
8bit through DNS Server based on BIND-8.
No character code conversion.
Uses character code set tag in reverse lookup table. Ex.
EUC-JP.in-addr.arpa.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

12. Related activities in Japan
2 companies (netpia.com and jp.io) provides Japanese domain name registration service as keyword.
i-dns.net published press-release that they will start Japanese domain name registration service as DNS within this month in alliance with 3 companies (ASCII, Crayfish and InterQ).
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

13. Issues under discussion (not decided yet)
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

14. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Dispute Resolution
Multilingual domain names registration may have more disputes than ASCII domain names.
Because usually Trademarks are written in local language.
We think it needs dispute resolution process(DRP) or/and examination before registration.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

15. Limitation of Character Set/Language
What character set should Registry allow for domain name under multilingual TLDs?
Belong to TLD’s character set
Ex) Japanese TLD(.日本) has only Japanese Domain names.
No Limitation
Ex) Japanese TLD can have Chinese, Korean, Tamil and Arabic domain names.
We think mDN character set belong to TLD.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

16. Limitation of Characters
What characters should Registry allow for domain name?
All characters of the character set?
Symbol marks?
Similar glyph characters
… this problem has relation to canonicalization and normalization.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

17. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Canonicalization-1
Some character sets(including ISO10646) have characters with almost the same glyph but different character codes.
For example:
‘高’ (9ad8)
‘髙’ (9ad9)
‘A‘ (0041, ASCII uppercase A)
‘Ａ’ (0391, Greek uppercase α)
‘Ａ’ (0410, Russian uppercase A)
‘Ａ’ (ff21, Japanese double width A)
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

18. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Canonicalization-2
Same glyph characters bring users’ confusion. So, we think canonicalization should be done somewhere.
In domain name registration.
In making of mDN query in resolver and/or proxy.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

19. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Normalization-1
Same words in one language can be written in varieties of scripts.
E.g. Japanese language has 4 scripts.
Latin alphabet : tagengo
Kanji : 多言語
Hiragana : たげんご
Katakana : タゲンゴ
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

20. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Normalization-2
Another, same problems are caused by some situations as follows:
Same meaning words
E.g. ‘国際’, ‘国家間’
Abbreviation
E.g. ‘高等学校’, ‘高校’
Transliteration
E.g. ‘Japan’, ‘日本’
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

21. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Normalization-3
In multilingual domain name registration, those names should be dealt same name or not?
We think it needs normalization. But it is difficult to decide on what case normalization should be applied.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

22. Name Space Coordination
Multilingual domain name registration services are already provided by some registries using different ZLDs and same multilingual TLDs.
Using different technology and same multilingual TLDs may cause the same problem.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

23. When will JPNIC start mDN?
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop

24. Chinese Domain Name Workshop
Service Schedule
JPNIC will start Japanese domain name experimental registration service after decide all of registration policy and effectuate dispute resolution procedure.
JPNIC will apply ASCII DRP to mDN DRP.
Experimental phase will continue until standardization to be finished.
21 May 2000
Chinese Domain Name Workshop