1. Aim: Respiratory System
December 12, 2011
Aim: Respiratory System
Warm-up:
Why is it better to breathe
through your nose than
your mouth?
HW: No Homework

2. Structure of the Respiratory System
1) Nose
Air is filtered, warmed, and moistened by cilia & mucus
2) Pharynx
AKA: Throat
oral and nasal cavity meet

3. 3) Larynx
Voicebox/ “Adams apple”

4. Extends from the larynx to the bronchi
Trachea
4) Trachea
Aka: windpipe
Extends from the larynx to the bronchi
5) Bronchi
Two major divisions of the trachea
Subdivide into bronchioles
Bronchi

5. 6) Alveoli
Small air sacs
Surrounded by capillaries for gas exchange
covered by cilia move mucus upward to clear out lungs

6. Moving gases into bloodstream
Inhale
O2 passes from alveoli to blood by diffusion
Exhale
CO2 passes from blood to alveoli by diffusion

7. Gas exchange: Diffusion of gases
The gases move by diffusion from high to low concentration
capillaries in lungs
capillaries in muscle O2 O2 O2 O2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
blood
lungs
blood
body

8. Breathing (mammals) Negative pressure breathing
air is NOT pushed into lungs during inhale
air is pulled into lungs during inhale
diaphragm moves down & expands chest cavity
pulls air into lungs like suction pump

9. exhale
inhale

10. Breathing and Homeostasis
ATP
Need to balance:
O2 in and CO2 out
Energy (ATP) production
Exercise
breathe faster
need more ATP
bring in more O2 & remove more CO2 O2
CO2

11. Diseases with Respiratory System
1) Bronchitis
Infections of air passages in the lungs
Can be caused by viruses, bacteria, breathing in certain irritating chemicals

12. 2. Asthma
Chronic (long-term) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways

14. 3. Emphysema
A type of lung disease that reduces the ability of the lungs to expel air by damaging alveoli

16. Healthy Lung vs. Smokers Lung

17. 4. Lung Cancer
uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both of the lungs

18. Infected lungs
Lung Cancer