1. Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Chapter 18

2. FDR’s Background Distant Cousin of Teddy
Harvard with Columbia Law Degree
New York State Senator
Wilson’s Asst. Secretary of Navy
VP candidate in 1920
Polio in 1921 – paralyzed
Governor of New York
Wife Eleanor

3. Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962) Civil and Woman Rights Leader
US Delegate to United
Nations ( )
Chaired the committee that
drafted the UN Declaration
of Human Rights

4. The First New Deal Hundred Days
15 major economic laws passed
Fireside Chats – FDR’s radio addresses to the public, designed to ensure confidence

5. Changes Emergency Banking Relief Act
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
Paying farmers not to grow food
Hurt small farmers
Home Owner’s Loan Corporation (HOLC)
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
3 million in 1942
Emergency Relief Administration (ERA)
Public Works Administration (PWA)
Civilian Works Administration (CWA)

6. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

7. Public Works Administration (PWA)

8. Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

9. Emergency Relief Administration (ERA)
Denver, CO – 1,250 workers employed

10. Works Progress Administration
(WPA)
8.5 Million Workers

11. What did these programs do?
Jobs for the unemployed
$$$ for people to spend
Businesses make money
Programs put money into the economy

12. Where did the government get all of this money?
CWA cost $1 billion in first 5 months
The choice was borrowing money or increasing taxes
Deficit spending – borrowing money to pay for programs
No more balanced budget

13. American Liberty League
Group organized to oppose the New Deal
Upset with deficit spending
Plot to overthrow FDR

14. Other Developments Social Security Act – $$$ for retirees
Unemployment benefits
Welfare for those in need
No Child Labor
40-Hour Work Week
1st Minimum Wage
Government now assumed role of a safety net

15. Labor Problems
Sit-down strikes
Flint, MI (1937)

16. Court Packing
Supreme Court declared some New Deal laws unconstitutional (EX: AAA)
Solution = change the Supreme Court
10 yrs and over 70, retire or allow a new justice to be appointed
Challenged Separation of Powers
Mixed Results – put pressure on court, but ticked-off Congress

17. Frances Perkins
First Female Cabinet Member
Secretary of Labor