1. Genomics for Regional Development
A real quick intro to genetics
Dr Simon Hills

2. DNA – the code for life

3. DNA – the code for life The human genome:
About 3,200,000,000 base pairs
About 1.5 meters long
All the DNA in a human body would stretch from the earth to the sun … times

4. Genes Genes encode proteins Around 20,000 genes in the human genome
Genes only make up 1.5% of the genome

5. Genetic variation 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans
1 from mum, 1 from dad
Each contains identical genes, but may have different versions of each gene (allele)

6. DNA sequencing – reading the code
1953 structure of DNA determined
1964 first DNA sequence
1972 first gene sequence
1977 first virus genome (5386 bp)
1983 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
1995 first bacterial genome (1,830,137 bp)
2003 complete human genome sequenced (13 years, ~$2.7B USD)
Now – Human genome sequenced for less than $1000 in a few days

7. What can you do with genomics?
Provenance and pedigree
Genome wide association analysis
Genotype – phenotype mapping
Genotype – environment matching
Genetic engineering

8. Genetic engineering
the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology

9. CRISPR/Cas9
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats