1. ATP Enter Date Aim: Cellular Respiration Warm-up:
Where do we get our ENERGY from?
HW:
ATP

2. Energy needs of life Animals are energy consumers
What do we need energy for?
synthesis (building)
reproduction
active transport (pumping)
movement
temperature control (making heat)
Which is to say… if you don’t eat, you die… because you run out of energy.
The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics takes over!

3. Where do we get energy? Energy is stored in organic molecules
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
GET organic molecules → FOOD
digest food to get
ENERGY (ATP)
raw materials for building more molecules
We eat to take in the fuels to make ATP which will then be used to help us build biomolecules and grow and move and… live!
heterotrophs = “fed by others”
vs.
autotrophs = “self-feeders”

4. What is energy in biology?
ATP
Adenosine TriPhosphate

5. Harvesting energy stored in food
Cellular respiration
breaking down food to produce ATP
In mitochondria using oxygen
usually digesting glucose
Movement of hydrogen atoms from glucose to water
glucose + oxygen → carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 O2
CO2
H2O
ATP → +

6. What do we need to make energy?
The “Furnace” for making energy
mitochondria
Fuel
food
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
oxygen
“aerobic”
The Helpers
enzymes
Make ATP! Make ATP! All I do all day… And no one even notices!
food
enzymes O2
ATP

7. Electron Acceptors!
NAD and FAD
Carry electrons as stored energy

8. “Burn fuels” to make energy
CO2 + H2O + heat
fuel (carbohydrates) O2
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
-Making ATP energy by burning fuels in many small
steps
Movement of hydrogen atoms from glucose to water
ATP O2
food (carbohydrates)
CO2 + H2O + ATP

9. Using ATP to do work? Can’t store ATP
too unstable
only used in cell that produces it
only short term energy storage
Adenosine TriPhosphate
work
Adenosine DiPhosphate
ADP + P
A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second

10. { { { ATP A Body’s Energy Budget eat food synthesis (building) storage
• energy needed even at rest
• activity
• temperature control {
eat food
• growth
• reproduction
• repair {
synthesis
(building)
• glycogen (animal starch)
• fat {
storage

11. What if oxygen is missing?
Fermentation (anaerobic respiration)
1) ALCOHOL fermentation
yeast
glucose → ATP + CO2+ alcohol
make beer, wine, bread

12. food
H2O O2
enzymes
ATP
CO2