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The Greek City-States and Classical Greece

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1 The Greek City-States and Classical Greece
Global Studies I The Greek City-States and Classical Greece

2 Political Reform Political Reform Solon Pisistratus Cleisthenes
cancelled all land debts freed people who were slaves because of debts Pisistratus gave aristocrats’ land to the peasants Political Reform Cleisthenes laid the foundations for Athenian democracy created a new council of five hundred gave the assembly, which was made up of all male citizens, the final authority to pass laws

3 The Polis Greek Colonies Two Results of Greek Colonization
Greek term for city-state Adult Males Citizens with full political rights Women and Children Citizens with no political rights Slaves and Foreigners Non-citizens; no political rights Two Results of Greek Colonization Greek culture spread throughout the Mediterranean increase in trade and industry

4 Government in the City-States
Type of Government Advantages Disadvantages Tyranny (rule by force) Ended rule of aristocrats Went against the rule of law Oligarchy (rule by the few) Relatively efficient Power in the hands of few people, usually wealthy Democracy (rule of the many) Places power in the hands of the people Difficult to reach consensus

5 Government in Sparta and Athens
Sparta: oligarchy with two kings Athens: king → oligarchy of aristocrats → tyranny → democracy

6 The Age of Pericles Direct democracy
a democratic system in which people participate directly in government decision making through mass meetings Assembly (of all male citizens) passed all laws, elected public officials, and made final decisions on war and foreign policy

7 The Great Peloponnesian War
Basic Cause Sparta and the other Greek states feared the growing Athenian Empire series of disputes between Athens and Sparta led to the beginning of the war Results The Athenian Empire was destroyed The war weakened all of the Greek states. It ruined any possibility of cooperation among them

8 Women in Athens citizens
could take part in religious festivals, otherwise, excluded from public life could not vote or own property no formal education expected to bear children and take care of their families and homes strictly controlled Could not leave home without a companion

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