1. Caesar’s English II
Lesson 5

2. Latin Stem Meaning Examples
loco (place)         locomotion, location, dislocate
sur (over)             surface, surreal, surfeit
alter (other)         alteration, alternative, altruism
contra (against)    contradiction, contrast, contrary
stell (star)             stellar, constellation, interstellar

3. Loco means place.
Locomotives move (mot) from place to place; a location is a place: and to dislocate something is to put it out of place!

4. Do the locomotion!

5. Dislocated Shoulder

6. Sur means over.
The surface of the sea is over the rest; a surrealist is an artist who depicts things that are beyond reality; and a surfeit is an excess!

7. This surreal clock is from a painting by Salvadore Dali.

9. Alter means other.
An alteration is to make something other than what it was; an alternative is another option; and altruism is thinking of others.

10. Alter means other. He seems to have made the pool other than clean water!

11. Contra means against.
To contradict someone is to speak against what they have said; a contrast is a difference between two things; and to be contrary is to go against what is desired of you by others.

13. Stell means star.
The stellar surface is the surface of the star; a constellation is a group of stars; and interstellar space is the deep space between the stars.

14. Constellations near Orion

15. Caesar’s English I - Review
stem definition examples
circum

16. Caesar’s English I - Review
stem definition examples
circum around circumference, circus
mal

17. Caesar’s English I - Review
stem definition examples
circum around       circumference, circus,
mal bad                 malevolent, malicious
post

18. Caesar’s English I - Review
stem definition examples
circum around         circumference, circus
mal bad                 malevolent, malicious
post after             postscript, posthumous
equi

19. Caesar’s English I - Review
stem definition examples
circum around         circumference, circus
mal bad                  malevolent, malicious
post after                 postscript, posthumous
equi equal                equilateral, equilibrium
ante

20. Caesar’s English I - Review
stem definition examples
circum (around)        circumference, circus
mal (bad)             malevolent, malicious
post (after)            postscript, posthumous
equi (equal)          equilateral, equilibrium
ante (before)         antecedent, antebellum

21. Caesar’s Analogy Surfeit : Paucity :: stellar : interstellar
surface : submerge
excess : scarcity
locomotion : place

22. Caesar’s Analogy Surfeit : Paucity :: stellar : interstellar
surface : submerge
excess : scarcity
locomotion : place

23. Caesar’s Antonyms
Altruism
anger
consideration
benevolence
malice

24. Caesar’s Antonyms
Altruism
anger
consideration
benevolence
malice

25. Advanced Word: Altruism
The word altruism (AL-troo-izm) contains the Latin stems alter (other) and ism (doctrine). Altruism is the opposite of selfishness and egocentrism; it is the ability to do things that are selfless, one of genuine concern for others or for the common good. In James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, we read that “you have yet to learn the dignity of altruism and the responsibility of the human individual.”

26. Latin Stem Meaning Examples
loco (place)          locomotion, location, dislocate
sur (over)             surface, surrealist, surfeit
alter (other)         alteration, alternative, altruism
contra (against) contradiction, contrast, contrary
stell (star)         stellar, constellation, interstellar