1. E-Commerce

2. E-commerce Describe E-Commerce
Identify benefits and risks of E-Commerce
Describe E-Commerce business models
Describe E-Commerce Security and Encryption
Describe EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)
Describe trends and projections for E-Commerce
Describe issues related to E-Commerce
Describe order and payment processing
Describe E-Commerce solution options

3. What is E-Commerce?
The integration of communications, data management, and security technologies to allow individuals and organizations to exchange information related to the sale of goods and services.
Major functions of E-Commerce include:
the buying of goods,
the selling of goods, and
performance of financial transactions on the Internet.

4. E-Commerce Issues Intellectual Property Security Fraud Taxation
International Commerce

5. e-Business solutions Customers ERP, CRM, Database Internet / WWW
Mobile Users
Web EDI
Intranet
Internal Users
Suppliers, public

6. E-Commerce Advantages for Businesses
Reduced Costs
Increased Customer Satisfaction
More Effective Data Management
Potentially Higher Sales

7. E-Commerce Advantages for Consumers
Convenience
Easier Comparison Shopping
Wider Selection of Goods

8. E-Commerce Risks for Businesses
Need for a robust, reliable web site
Fraudulent transactions
Customer reluctance to purchase online
Increased competition

9. E-Commerce Risks for Consumers
Possible Security Issues
Possible Privacy Issues
Purchasing from photos & descriptions
Possible difficulty with returns

10. The importance

11. E-Commerce Business Models
B2C – Business-to-Consumer
B2B – Business-to-Business
C2C – Consumer-to-Consumer
B2G – Business-to-Government

12. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
EDI is the transfer of data between different companies using networks.
This facilitates the exchange of standard business documents including purchase orders and invoices.
EDI is not new; it has been in existence since the 1960s.
Organizations that exchange EDI transmissions are called trading partners.
Newer technologies such as XML and Web Services are replacing traditional EDI by allowing trading partners virtually unlimited opportunities to customize their information exchange over the Internet.

13. Questions
Describe three advantages of e-commerce for an entrepreneur just starting a business.
Describe three risks that businesses face when engaging in e-commerce.

14. Order & Payment Processing
E-Commerce Payment Models:
Cash
Check
Credit
Smart Card
Micropayments

15. Credit Card Order Processing Flow

16. E-Commerce Storefront Solutions
Instant Online Storefront
Yahoo!, Bigstep, Earthstores, FreeMerchant
Off-The-Shelf Shopping Cart Software
Miva Merchant, Mercantec
Custom Built Solution
IBM's WebSphere Commerce Suite, Microsoft's Commerce Server
Visual Studio.NET, Macromedia Dreamweaver MX, IBM’s WebSphere Commerce Studio
Semi-Custom Built Solutions on a Budget
E-Commerce add-ons for FrontPage and Dreamweaver
Paypal order processing
Free shopping cart scripts

17. Questions
List three payment models commonly used on the Web. Which one is the most popular, why?
Have you purchased online? If so, think of the last item that you purchased.
Why did you purchase it online instead of at a store?
Did you check to see if the transaction was secure? Why or why not?
How will your shopping habits be different in the future?
Describe three types of e-commerce solutions available. Which provides the easiest entry to e-commerce? Explain.

18. Application Service Provider
What is ASP?
Application Service Provider
(not the ASP from microsoft)
A company offers individuals or enterprises to host their applications or services on this ASP company. (low budgets for small companies, outsourcing for large companies)

19. Hosting Solutions Mid-High Volume: Amazon Other:
Servelink.com, CyberSharks.net, Hostek.com, LiquidWeb.com, Tikios.com(windows-based)

20. Terminology
Dedicated line – A point-to-point, hard wire connection between two service locations.
Leased line – A telecommunications line dedicated to a particular customer along predetermined routers.
Outsourcing – The transfer of components or large segments of an internal IT infrastructure, staff, processes or applications to an external resource such as Application service provider (ASP).

21. Example e-Business Storefront model Auction model Portal Model
Dynamic Pricing Models
B2B Exchanges
B2B Service Providers
e-Learning

22. Storefront Model
The storefront model combines transaction processing, security, online payment which allows merchants to sell their products to the customers on the Web.
Many famous storefront model companies are Business-to-Consumer (B2C) companies.
Sell tickets

23. Storefront Model
Allow companies to conduct business 24-by-7 (all-day, everyday).
One of the most commonly used model is “shopping cart”
An order-processing technology that allows user to accumulate the shopping list and continue shopping.
Supported by product catalog, merchant server and database technology.
(international)

24. Shopping Example
Shopping cart
Go shopping

25. Shopping Carts
Templates for shopping carts in dreamweaver at ecommercetemplates.com (you host solution)
Many other providers (
Managed Solutions
Make your own

26. Shopping Cart SW
Sometimes will also include Product pages –that are created from statically entered in product information (not stored in databases)

27. Comparisons of Shopping Cart SW
Search online to see what is popular
Check out wiki page (

28. Free Shopping Cart SW Do a search Check out www.free-carts.com
PHP:
This does cart + product pages
Install on a Web Server
As part of install of SW must specify a MySQL database and give the admin name and a password to it.
Finish install of OpenCart SW – will include creation the database tables to support OpenCart
Using Interface of opencart: Setup categories of products, product info with images, etc.
Java:

29. Shopping Cart Payment Processing Services
Google Checkout
PayPall
Amazonpayments
Others: (search yourself)- 2checkout.com, authorize.net, itransact, cyberbit, and more
Direct Credit Card

30. Storefront Model
Another model is “online shopping mall” which provides a wide selection of products and services.
Customers can purchase items from many stores in a single transaction.
Offer speed and add convenience

31. Shopping Mall Example
Different
shops

32. Auction Model
Internet User can login to the online auction sites, either bidder or seller.
Sellers post their items and wait for the buyers to bid.
Auction sites get commission on every successful auction.
E.g. most profitable:
International: auction.timway.com
Reverse Auction model
Allow buyer to set the price,

33.
Auction Model Example

34. Portal Model Allow visitors to find everything within the website.
Horizontal Portal
Wide-ranged of topics
E.g.
Vertical Portal
Offer specific information on a single area of interest.
E.g. (medical information)

35. Dynamic Pricing Model Name-your-price Business Model
Customers choose their price for the products or services (
Comparison Pricing Model
Customers poll some merchants and find the lowest prices (
Demand-Sensitive Pricing Model
Enables customers to get better services and prices. (
Bartering Model
Exchange items (

36. Pricing model example

37. Group Pricing Model
Customers get group pricing if enough purchase the offer (

38. B2B Exchanges
Define as buying, selling, partnering, bartering or trading conducted between two or more business (B2B).
Allow Business to buy, sell, auction, barter and distribute products and services.
Examples:
(Exchange employee)
(Industry to Industry)
(Business to Business)

39. B2B examples

40. B2B Service Providers
B2B service providers make the B2B transactions easier.
These e-Businesses help other businesses improve their policies, procedures, services and general operations.
Solutions include supply chain management, logistics, procurement.

41. Chat online?
Why? To solve your E-business problem via the Internet.

42. Loan Online A growing segment of E-commerce.
Loan online at a lower rate than other traditional channels.
E-loan –
E-credit –
Clients – HP, Intel, other businesses
Loan direct –

43. Recruitment on the Web Effectively job searching on the Web.
Improve the recruitment for both employer and seeker.
Search International Jobs (
Focus on computer industry (

44. Online News Services
Web is playing an important role in the publishing and news industries.
The Wall Street Journal (
Articles by leading investment analysts (
Latest sports news (
Comprehensive news site (

45. Recruitment / News

46. Online Travel Services
Customers can bypass the travel agents.
Allow discount and low fare rate online.
air-tickets, hostel, and car-rentals.
“Last minutes” tickets offer low price.
orbitz.com, expedia.com, ….

47. Online Entertainment
Multimedia rich websites provide Audio and Video, popular music and videos are available online for free.
Internet Movie Database
netflix.com, blockbuster.com,…

48. e-Learning
e-Learning is growing rapidly as the number of Internet users increases.
Universities and other training companies offer HQ distance education over the Web.
wwwtools.cityu.edu.hk
E-books –

49. M-Commerce What is Mobile Commerce?
Mobile commerce is the term applied to online financial transactions - shopping or the electronic transfer of funds - using a mobile device.
Mobile commerce transactions are being enhanced by developments in the world of mobile communication.

50. MasterCard & M-Commerce

51. Build an e-Commerce site
Register a Domain name
Search for domain names (InterNIC)
What is the criteria of selecting a good name?
Find a Web Host
Select the suitable ISP
Web Developers
Hire a web designer
Cut cost and work with the designer
If your site is easy to use, the customers will stay longer and come more frequent.

52. Web Hosting It is a very important step in e-Commerce. Good uptime?
Good technical support?
Fast connection to the Net?
Staffs are knowledgeable about e-Commerce?
Compatibility with other e-Commerce providers?

53. Attract and keep customers
e-Business Advertising
Banner Advertising
Recently, losing their effectiveness
Buying and Selling advertising
You can become a host, or an advertiser
Webcasting and Interactive Advertising
Use streaming media to broadcast information on the web.

54. Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP)
An industrial term defines as the activities supported by application software that helps company to manage the important parts of the business.
Product planning, parts purchasing, maintaining inventories, contacting suppliers, customer servicing.
Integrated with database (such as Oracle) to provide other features, business process analysis, employee training, …

55. ERP example I have questions about billing,
product availability, shipping
and customer service.
Finance:
How can I help you?
Fulfillment:
Yes, Sir?
Inventory:
Which item?
Customer Service:
We’re ready to help.

56. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
All the customer services provided by the company form the CRM.
CRM includes
Call handling (in/out calls from customers and service representatives)…Nuance
Sales tracking (tracing and recording the sales made)
Transaction support (the technology used for transactions)
Improve customer satisfaction and maximize the profits

57. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Standard format to exchange business data.
EDI message is a string of data that represents “price”, “product number”, “product name”, etc.
EDI message can be encrypted.
EDI is one form of E-commerce, also include , fax.

58. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

59. Get Paid How to you pay on the website? Credit card transactions
Cybercash:
PayPal:
Google Checkout
E-Wallets allows you to keep track your transactions,
Digital Cash: store your money electrically
More complex: B2B Transactions.

60. Manage the E-commerce business
Have a good communication between the business production line (including the customer services team), and the IT development line.
“Online transaction history log” and “Historical investment performance reports” also helps to decide and plan for the product and service trend.
Migration of the traditional trading client to the new e-business.

61. Secure the site Customers fear for their online privacy.
Make sure all transactions on your e-commerce site are protected.
Security is provided by different kind of cryptography (encryption, digital signatures, digital certificates)
Sometimes, you may provide your personal information for: member-only discounts, giveaway, sweepstakes, coupons. Beware!

62. Online shopping risks A list of safeguards to keep in mind.
Shop with trusted merchants.
Read the site’s delivery, return, and privacy policies.
Only enter your details with the URL that begins with and either a locked padlock or an unbroken key icon.
Be careful not to hit the ORDER NOW button more than once.
Never send credit card information via .
Keep a record of your transactions until shipped.

63. Application Service Provider
What is an Application Service Provider?
Deliver and manage applications or computer services via the Internet.
Provide a cost-effective solution from an outside supplier. (maintenance, upgrades and customization)
It can be a commercial entity, a not-for-profit organization or government related.

64. ASP other names On-demand software or software as a service (SaaS).
TYPES:
A specialist or functional ASP delivers a single application, such as credit card payment processing or timesheet services;
A vertical market ASP makes software for a particular (vertical) market –i.e. medical transcriptions/records;
An enterprise ASP delivers wide set of solutions;
A local ASP delivers small business services within a limited area.

65. Using ASP Benefits Speed to market Operational freedom
ASP has the latest equipment, applications, ready to provide market access.
Operational freedom
The customer can focus on their core business.
Improved performance
ASP provides vast experience on different issues.
Financial flexibility
Reduced fixed cost and overall expenditures.
Reduced risk
Customers can test a new technology with minimal impact to their existing system.

66. ASP Advantages

67. What kind of application can be delivered?
Citrix, GraphOn and SCO
The applications run on a central server managed by the ASP, but not the applications on the end-user desktop or company’s server.
Portal means a gateway (starting point), for a WWW site, it is the starting site for user to browse.

68. Portal Software

69. Choosing ASP Shared Server
Shared Server with Application Isolation Systems
Server Farm (Each company with its own server)
Customer Cost
Low
High
Initial Customer Investment
Maintainance cost
Moderate
Server Architecture
Complex
Simple
Security Risk

70. Summary e-Commerce is defined as a company has an online presence.
We have discussed different types of e-Commerce models.
Discuss the important issues on developing e-Business.
ASP provides very good supports to the e-Commerce development.

71. References