1. Toulmin’s Argument Model
The Structure of an Argument

2. Claim
A Claim is a statement that you are asking the other person to accept
As true or
As a policy you want them to enact.
“There is no need to restrict undocumented crossings of the US-Mexican Border”

3. Grounds
The Grounds (or evidence) is the data and hard facts that are the basis for the Claim.
It is the 'truth' on which the claim is based.
Grounds in Policy debate must include proof of expertise,
With consideration of: honesty and lack of bias of the source
“Since Donald Trump was sworn in arrests for border crossing have dropped 40%
at a time when there is usually a rise”
-LA Times covering the Dept.
Of Homeland Security data
Release 3/8/2017

4. “The number of undocumented immigrants living in the US Has been dropping. From 12.2 to 11.1 million from 2009 – 2014” - Pew Research Nov. 2017

5. Warrant A Warrant is the link between grounds and claim,
It supports the claim by showing the grounds to be relevant.
The warrant may be:
explicit or implicit. 
(In Policy Debate make it explicit)
Pathos, Ethos, Logos or “Value”
(Policy Debate is light on “Value” & very light on Pathos)
“ With the long and short term showing a drops in the number of undocumented immigrants both crossing into and staying in the US,
there is no reason to enact the Affirmative’s plan. There is just no inherency here”

6. When researching evidence look out for…
Reputation of the Source (Expertise, Honesty & Bias)
(If weak your opponent will attack it!)
Qualifiers (or modal qualifier) such as 'most', 'usually', 'always' or 'sometimes”
Reservations may give the possibility of the claim being incorrect.
“Unless there is evidence to the contrary”
Qualifiers and reservations are often used by those who wish to not to “lie”, but to mislead..