1. CHEMICAL BONDING
R.SANGEETHA

2. INTRODUCTION
ATOMS COMBINE TO FORM COMPOUNDS SO AS TO ATTAIN STABLE NEAREST RARE GAS CONFIGURATION.
MOST COMMON TYPES OF BONDING ARE
IONIC BONDING
COVALENT BONDING
DATIVE BONDING
METALLIC BONDING

3. IONIC BONDING
WHEN BONDING TAKES PLACE BY COMPLETE TRANSFER OF ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS FROM VALENCE SHELL OF ONE ATOM TO VALENCE SHELL OF ANOTHER ATOM.
EXAMPLE:NaCl
Na:Atomic no:11
Cl: Atomic no:17
ONE ELECTRON FROM Na IS TRANSFERRED TO Cl TO FORM IONIC BOND.

4. FORMATION OF NaCl
Na atom
Cl atom

5. COVALENT BONDING
WHEN BONDING TAKES PLACE BY SHARING OF ELECTRONS FROM BOTH THE ATOMS TO FORM THE COMPOUND IT IS CALLED AS COVALENT BOND
EXAMPLE:Cl2

6. FORMATION OF Cl2
Cl atom
Cl atom

7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IONIC&COVALENT COMPOUNDS
MOSTLY EXIST AS SOLIDS DUE TO STRONG ELECTROSTATIC FORCE OF ATTRACTION
High melting and boiling point
COVALENT
THEY EXIST IN ALL THREE FORMS(ie)
Solid,liquid&gases
LOW MELTING AND BOILING POINT

8. DATIVE BONDING
The shared pair of electrons are given by one of the combining two atoms.
Example
NH BF3

9. METALLIC BONDING
METALS ARE HELD TOGETHER BY STRONG FORCE WHICH IS CALLED AS METALLIC BOND.

10. SUMMARY
BONDING GENERALLY TAKES PLACE TO FORM STABLE COMPOUNDS