1. Mountain Building

2. Objective-SWBAT: Differentiate between mountain types.
Explain the conditions for mountain formation.
Identify the 3 types of volcanoes.

3. Mountains are classified by the forces that create them.
4 different types of mountains
Mountains erode slowly through action of rivers, weather conditions, and glaciers
High elevations on mountains are colder than at sea level, which affect the ecosystem of mountains with different elevation
Highest Mountain: Mount Everest (Himalayas)
Summit is ~29,000 ft above sea level

4. Folded Mountains Commonly found where continents have collided.
Tectonic movements have squeezed rock layers together.
Shows evidence of folding and faulting.
Ex. Alps, Himalayas, Appalachians, Ural Mtns. (in Russia), Rocky Mtns.

5. Folded Mountains

6. Fault Block Mountains
Formed by faults where part of the earth’s crust have been broken into large blocks.
These blocks were then lifted above the surrounding crust.
Faulting tilted the blocks.
Ex. Sierra Nevada, Tetons, Basin and Range province of Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Rocky Mtns.

7. Tetons

8. Dome Mountains
Formed when molten rock rises through the crust and pushes up the rock layers above it.
Resulting in a circular dome on the earth’s surface.
Ex. Black Hills of S. Dakota, Adirondack Mountains of New York

9. Adirondack Mountains

10. Eroded Mountains
Formed when plateaus that have been pushed up above sea level erode;
Leaving mountains standing between valleys.
Ex. Catskills and Pike’s Peak

11. Pikes Peak

12. Volcanic Mountains
Formed when molten rock erupts onto the earth’s surface.
May develop on land or on the ocean floor.
Can form on a divergent boundary (mid-ocean ridge), a convergent boundary, or on a hot spot.
Ex. Andes, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Cascade Range, Azores, West Indies, Hawaii.

13. Mount Rainier

14. Types of Volcanoes 1. Cinder cone: Explosive; felsic lava
Convergent boundaries; subduction zones
Cinders and rock particles are blown into the air
Small mountain; steep sides
Ex. Paricutin, Mexico
Paricutin = pair a sue tin
1943 eruption

16. Types of Volcanoes 2. Shield volcano: Non-explosive; mafic lava
Divergent boundaries; rift eruption or hot spot
Lava quietly flows from the vent
The mountain covers a large area; gently sloped sides
Dome-shaped mountain
Ex. Mauna Loa, HI; Iceland

18. Types of Volcanoes 3. Composite Cone (Stratovolcano):
Mostly felsic or intermediate lava
Explosive and non-explosive
Convergent boundaries
A violent eruption sends up volcanic bombs, cinders and ash.
A quiet volcanic flow follows the explosion. Alternating layers continue forming the mountain.
Large mountain; steep sides; cone-shaped
Ex. Mt. Fuji, Japan; Mt. Vesuvius, Italy; Mt. St. Helens, WA

20. Mount St. Helens