1. Kinds of Evidence
Nov. 13, 2014

2. Kinds of Evidence from Secondary Sources
Facts or Statistic – knowledge or information that most people would find incontrovertible (information almost everyone agrees with no matter their views). Definition – statements clarifying the meaning of important terminology Opinion or Interpretation – A viewpoint or opinion a person holds on the issue; the major explanation or rationale someone gives for events or problems; can be expert or non-expert opinion Policy or Law – The official procedures, rules, laws, and guidelines that guide decisions and judgment on an issue; also the procedures, actions, rules, laws, and/or guidelines that can be proposed to deal with the issue. Example – information that provides one specific instance or case regarding the issue.

3. Using Stasis to Investigate Background
Facts/Stats Cited information that is not in question Standard expert understanding Numerical or Statistical Data The confirmed or official history? Dates, Places, etc. What is the scientific or expert input on this?
Definition
Key words used to communicate the topic
Expert or legal definitions
Dictionary / common usage definitions
Connotations of words and terms used
Opinion
Cited relevant viewpoints, opinions, and attitudes on the issue
Rationalizations or justifications by experts or non- experts
Experts’ interpretations of existing data or facts.
Policy
The official existing procedures, rules, laws and legal decisions, and /or guidelines by governments or organizations
Actions, procedures, rules, laws, legal decisions, or guidelines have been suggested proposed.
Example
Stories about individuals
Specific cases that have occurred at specific places/times
One situation or case that shows what is typical