1. Physical Geography

2. Physical Geography
Climate
Landforms
Soil and Vegetation
Ecozones

3. Climate
Weather is the day to day readings of temperature and precipitation (and wind speed, barometric pressure, and several other factors)
Climate is the long term patterns of temperature and precipitation
We can illustrate climate and compare climates from different locations easily using a climograph
TORONTO J F M A S O N D
Ann
Temp (oC) -5 -4 4 10 16 19 17 14 9 2 -1
Precip(mm) 56 53 61 76 58

4. Canada: The Climate

5. Identify and describe various climate regions in Canada
Learning Goal
Identify and describe various climate regions in Canada

6. Climate – A Climograph of Toronto30
140 25
130 20
120 15
110 10
100 5 90
Precip (mm)
Temp. (oC) 80 -5 70
-10 60
-15 50
-20 40
-25 30
-30 20
-35 10
-40 J F M A M J J A S O N D
Months

8. Factors that affect climate

10. Canada: The Land

11. Identify and describe various landform regions in Canada
Learning Goal
Identify and describe various landform regions in Canada

13. Landforms – Appalachian Mountains

14. Landforms – Canadian Shield

15. Landforms – St Lawrence Lowlands

16. Landforms – Great Lakes Lowlands

17. Landforms – Hudson Bay & Arctic Lowlands

18. Landforms – Arctic Lowlands

19. Landforms – Interior Plains

20. Landforms – Western Cordillera

21. Landforms – Innuitian Mountains

22. Soil and Vegetation
Soil is a naturally occurring, unconsolidated or loose material on the surface of the earth, capable of supporting life
Soil is made up of four components (MOMA):
Minerals
Organic Material
Moisture
Air
More about qualities of soil (and their disappearance!) will be discussed in Unit 3

24. Soil and Vegetation
Vegetation is a general term for the plant life of a region (which very much depends on soil quality)
In Canada, we have everything from desert cactus to massive rainforest trees, and everything in between
Mosses
Plants
Shrubs
Coniferous trees
Deciduous trees

26. Ecozones
An ecozone is an area of the earth’s surface that has a unique combination of plants, wildlife, climate, landforms, and human activities.
If you were to overlay or combine the climate, landforms, soil (and vegetation) maps of Canada shown in this slideshow, you would see patterns emerge resulting in Canada’s 15 terrestrial (land) ecozones + + =