1. Presented by: J. Karl Pineda
Appendicitis
Presented by: J. Karl Pineda

2. Etiology/Pathophysiology
Obstruction of the appendiceal lumen is the primary cause of appendicitis. Obstruction of the lumen leads to distention of the appendix due to accumulated intraluminal fluid. Ineffective lymphatic and venous drainage allows bacterial invasion of the appendiceal wall and, in some cases, perforation and spillage of pus into the peritoneal cavity

5. Mortality/Morbidity/Frequency
In the U.S. appendicitis occurs in 7% of the population, with an incidence of 1.1 cases per 1000 people per year
Incidence of appendicitis is approximately 1.4 times greater in men than women
The overall mortality rate of % is attributable to complication of the disease rather than to surgical intervention.

6. Mortality/Morbidity
Mortality rate rises above 20% in patients older than 70 years, primarily because of diagnostic and therapeutic delay.
Perforation rate is higher among patients younger than 18 years and patients older than 50 years, possibly because of delays in diagnosis

7. Clinical Manifestation
Light palpation of the abdomen will elicit rebound tenderness
Pain on percussion
Rigidity
Gaurding

8. Objective Data Vomiting Low grade fever (99-102 F) Elevated WBC count
Rebound tenderness
A rigid abdomen
Decreased or absent bowel sounds

9. Diagnostic Tests WBC count with differentials CT scan
Hypaque contrast studies
Ultrasounds
labaroscomy

10. Ct scan

11. Ultrasound

12. Medical Management
Emergency surgical intervention is the treatment of choice for acute appendicitis

13. Interventions Bed rest NPO status
Comfort measures for pain( medication may mask symptoms)
Fluid and electrolyte replacement
Vitals are monitored every hour because of the threat of perforation with peritonitis

14. Intervention Sedatives for pain
No heat applied because it may lead to appendix rupturing
Patient teaching

15. Prognosis
The rate of cure through surgical interventions is high in patients with appendicitis.
The patient’s prognosis is altered if peritonitis complicates this diagnosis