1. Managing Motor Fleet Safety Programs: Training for the Safety Director
Unit 3 – The Quality Approach to Safety Programs
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2. Unit 3 Objectives
Explain why safety directors need to think about safety as part of an overall system
Explain why it is important to use data to identify the root causes of problems
Distinguish between common cause and special cause variation, and determine how to respond to each kind
Describe how control charts can be used to analyze safety data
Explain the key quality management approaches that are important to implementing changes to solve safety problems
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3. Quality Management Approach
1. Collect data
2. Identify root causes of problems
3. Develop appropriate solutions
4. Plan and make changes
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4. The Organization as a System of Processes
Processes have their own inputs, steps, and outputs
Processes can be simple or complex
Processes are interrelated
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5. Success Depends on All Components
Changing any process affects outcome
Optimization is achieved through cooperation not competition
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6. Managing a System Recognize importance of interrelationships
Consider process inputs and steps, not just outputs
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7. Variation Every process has variation
Reduce variation to improve efficiency
To reduce variation you must understand the cause of the variation
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8. Understanding Variation
Incidents
Per Month 30 20 10
J F M A M J J A S O N D
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9. Common Cause Variation
Caused by inputs that are always present in a particular process
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10. Special Cause Variation
Caused by unusual circumstances, where the inputs are not usually part of the process
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11. Actions to Control Variation
Study the overall process OR
Study only the incident and events surrounding the incident
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12. Controlling Variation from Common Causes
Incidents
Per Month 10 5
J F M A M J J A S O N D
A. Study overall process OR
B. Study specific incident
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13. Controlling Variation from Special Causes
Incidents
Per Month 30 20 10
J F M A M J J A S O N D
A. Study overall process OR
B. Study specific incident
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14. Quality Management Approach
1. Collect data
2. Identify root causes of problems
3. Develop appropriate solutions
4. Plan and make changes
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15. A Process in Statistical Control
Predictable and stable
Basis for prediction
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16. Sample Control Chart Upper Control Limit Lower Control Limit Average10
Average
(Mean) 5
Lower Control Limit
J F M A M J J A S O N D
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17. Purpose of Control Charts
Distinguish between common and special cause variation
Look at how process is performing
Predict future process performance
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18. Is This Process in Statistical Control? - 124 6
Upper Control Limit
Lower Control Limit
Average
(Mean)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
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19. Is This Process in Statistical Control? - 240
Upper Control Limit 20
Average
(Mean)
Lower Control Limit
J F M A M J J A S O N D
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20. Consecutive Increases
Special Cause
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21. Cluster on Same Side of Average
Special Cause
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22. Alternating Gains and Losses
Special Cause
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23. Importance of Teamwork
“People will support what they help to create.”
John Wooden
“It’s amazing what a group of people can accomplish when no one cares who gets the credit.”
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24. Cycle of Improvement
Plan
Act Do
Check
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25. Questions?
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