1. 14: LISTENING WHY LISTENING? WHY DO WE TEACH LISTENING?
Sense of Language: i.e. the more they hear the better their understanding
Meaning:
Pronunciation: i.e. pitch, intonation, stress, sounds blending together (Paralinguistic clues)
Vocabulary, Expressions; Sentence constructions
Listening Sources
Non-authentic and authentic materials: i.e. Dialogs, Songs, Announcements, Movies
Types of Listening
Intensive: i.e. classroom activities

2. LISTENING ……..
Extensive: outside the classroom, i.e. CDs, Movies, DVDs, MP3 Players
Levels of Listening:
Basic
Intermediate
Advanced
Listening Skills
Specific information
General understanding
Detailed information
General Listening Principles
Exposure: i.e. SS listen as much as possible

3. LISTENING FOR SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Explicit instructional objective
SS readiness for tasks
Opportunities for clarifications
Stages in listening strategies: inferencing, predicting, personalizing, structuring, etc.
Different listening texts need different listening strategies

4. LISTENING……… LEARNING LISTENING FOR SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Information/Inputs
Responses
Tests
LISTENING PROCESSES
Bottom-up View: i.e. sounds, words, phrases  complete texts
Top-down View: Construct and reconstruct the origina meanings of the speakers, i.e. interpretation of the speaker’s meanings using schemata, contexts, situations, expectation, etc.
Bottom-up and Top-down are necessary

5. LISTENING
TEACHING LISTENING
Purpose of Listening:
News (Broadcast) general ideas? Specific Information? Instructions?, A short story?,
Role of Learners/Language proficiency
Learners’ participation (i.e. reciprocal)? (e.g. dialog), Non-reciprocal (e.g. monolog)? TOEFL?
Role of Teachers/Language Proficiency
Manage the procedure of listening tasks
Types of texts and Listening objective
Gist, identification on specific information, listening for details, etc.

6. LISTENING ……. Preparing SS: i.e. pictures, vocabulary, contexts
Frequency of Listening
Elicitation
Post listening activities
Listening Techniques/Strategies
Pronunciation
Vocabulary/expressions/sentence constructions
Content/ideas

7. LISTENING……… LISTENING TASKS/ACTIVITIES Types of Listening
Intensive (in the classroom) 
Dialog: types of expressions (i.e. directives, affirmatives, etc), mini-lectures, announcements, directions,
Extensive (outside the classroom) 
Songs, DVDs, MP3 Players, talk-shows, news, etc.
Awareness Raising
Fillers
Gambits