1. The Evolution of the SCADA HMI
AGA 2015 Operations Conference & Biennial Exhibition

2. Agenda Evolution of SCADA HMI HMI Best Practices
Update on CRM and SCADA Trends
CRM, AM, MOC
HMI Best Practices
Good Display Design
Factors to Consider
High Performance Graphics
Management of Change
GIS in the Control Room
War Rooms, Incident Response
Mobile SCADA
Future SCADA HMIs
SCADA-1

3. CRM – Driver of Change
CRM features that have become more common include:
Alert subsystems
Intelligent alarm suppression
ing of alarms from SCADA
Tools for auditing changes
Alarms, inhibits and forced overrides
Alarm shelving or parking, re-alarming, controller limits, reminder alarms, test-mode alarms
Multiple alarm sets or profiles
Collation of shift relevant information
Commissioning tools for point to point verification, database migration
Note: The Industry has responded!

4. Practical Elements of Effective SCADA Graphics
“NUIANCE”
Navigation
Use of Color
Information Integrity
Alarm Handling
Notifications
Consistency
Education
Pretty, but passé

5. Reduced Clutter? Less Noise, Less Alarms Less Color Less Animation
More GIS
More Security
More Monitors
Refocusing
Wireless Mouse & Keyboards
Trackballs!

6. Fundamental Good Display Design
The Gestalt principles as stated in Section 4 of API RP 1165 provide very useful guidelines that, if followed, will ensure an orderly and clutter-free appearance with obvious indications of important interrelationships. The following principles should be used to evaluate pipeline SCADA displays relative to fundamental good display design:
Proximity
Group related information, in close proximity to the source of the data,
Similarity
objects groups share common properties such as size, color, orientation in space or brightness
Balance
Alignment, Stability (grid), White Space
Signal to Noise
Colons (:) are noise. Periods (.) are noise. Fuzzy or overly detailed symbols are noise.
Pipeline Summary/Hydraulic Summaries Pages have very good signal to noise ratio

7. Fundamentally Bad Display Design
Lots of crossing lines
Text Size too small or THIN
Overly Detailed Symbols (skunk)
Measurement units (psig, gpm, etc.) on every value
Flow Arrows or Text on Pipes

8. General HMI Factors to Consider
When addressing the specific best practices mentioned in API RP 1165, these general factors should be assessed:
Appropriate level of detail (for the hierarchy level of a display)
Difficult navigation (too many clicks to complete task)
Avoid inadvertent distractions (animations)
Consistency across the console, including integration of third party applications within the SCADA environment (i.e. leak detection)
Flow paths depicted consistently among displays (where flow direction is important)
Coding (the assignment of meaning) to provide visual cues including color, shape and labelling for shapes and symbols

9. High Performance Graphics
Some operators are adopting the ASM (Abnormal Situation Management) Consortium Guidelines
referenced in the API 1165 RP
SCADA has some unique differences from the process industries that ASM has its roots in.
Pipelines span long distances with multiple communication channels that are subject to intermittent failures
Remember the “supervisory” nature of SCADA. If there is a situation developing upstream on a pipeline, there is more time to respond and impact the outcome than in a typical plant environment where all equipment is in close proximity. It is this latency in the supervisory information that makes SCADA unique.
Unique SCADA considerations should be addressed and become part of the evolving guidelines.
Adopt the features that work for your operations
Hybrid ASM and Legacy
Grey Text on Grey back ground is not good contrast (looking through a fog)

10. SCADA Trends Adequate Information – Legacy HMI’s

11. SCADA Trends Adequate Information – Redesigned for Vigilance
API RP 1165/ASM
Color
Coding
Text
Navigation
Performance
Clutter
Change Management
50 Shades of grey (as long as its 248, 248, 248)

12. Use of Geographic Maps
Many companies like to use geographic maps as a navigational tool, overlaying it to provide high level information such as real-time values or alarm indication.
Careful selection of an image or vector map is required to avoid potential background noise that distracts from the value of presenting the data in its spatial context.

13. Trend Carousel Intended for Projection Cycles at specified interval
Can drive selected trend to large trend

14. GIS in the Control Room
Integration of GIS data with real-time data has been slower than anticipated
Using a map to navigate an HMI is not GIS
Merged applications need to be carefully planned to ensure that the human factors involved with the increased data is effective and not disruptive to normal operations.
The integration of SCADA and GIS data on the DSS platform can support both spatial and real-time data while protecting the live production SCADA system.
Updating GIS in real-time using publish and subscribe technology

15. GIS in the Decision Support Environment
Using the DSS architecture you can choose right GIS applications such as:
Right-Of-Way / Permitting
Maintenance / Inspection Reporting
Emergency Operations
Asset Accounting and Tax Valuation
Alignment Sheet Generation
One-Call Response
Compliance Reporting
Risk Assessment
… maintaining the command & control integrity of the mission critical SCADA system
As you can see, only a couple of these applications belong in the control room. The others can benefit from realtime data being published as needed.

16. Mobile SCADA
“Critical Infrastructures” tend to not lend themselves to the convenience of mobile phones or tablets.
Conversely, many SCADA systems feed information into business dashboards
Decision makers looking for up-to-date information whether at their desk or at the airport
Many SCADA systems can provide remote alarm monitoring on tablet devices.
If a controller takes an extended break a formal shift handover procedure may be needed
With remote alarm monitoring, controllers can stay connected and watch for critical alarms while on a short break or meeting
Mobile solutions allow technicians to take readings in the field and verify displays with mobile HMI clients, using the same displays as the control room
Potentially reducing the manpower required for the commissioning/ verification effort.
Native SCADA HMI on iPad

17. SCADA Collaboration for Incident Response
SCADA is the nerve center for highly complex real-time operations in both normal and abnormal operating conditions.
when a serious incident takes place, it becomes an “all hands on deck” situation.
operations shifts from maintaining safe operations to mitigating the circumstances
a “war room” environment is invaluable to provide up-to-date information to the decision makers responsible for the actions taken
SCADA information is key, but only part of the information needed for emergency response.

18. SCADA Collaboration for Incident Response
Incident Management
RealTime incident tracking and situational monitoring
Tools present disparate information from multiple data sources, visualized dynamically & updated with data fusion, correlation, and alerts.
 Within this “integrated at the glass” environment User-Defined Operating Pictures (UDOP) and/or Common Operating Pictures (COP) are created with little or no programming.
 Data fusion provides for instant visualization, correlation, and analysis including 2-D and 3-D GEO mapping.
SCADAFusion *
Based on actual war-room integration done for the DHS

19. Management of Change
CRM regulations focus on ensuring changes that effect control center operations are communicated to controllers
In order to do this efficiently, it has become necessary to better manage all elements of SCADA system change
Change management tools such as source control and version management provide some MOC functionality,
Master Databases, Enforcement *
Display Updates
Legacy HMI updates could be provided on a live console resulting in a swap from the old to new
This could violate the CRM requirement to inform controllers of change effecting control room
New functionality will prompt user to accept new graphic

20. Future SCADA HMIs
What was science fiction in the recent past is now reality. Next generation HMI’s may include:
LED projected keyboards
HMI Navigation by eye movement
Control room displays viewed via “google glasses’ to increase situational awareness
Laser Holograms that display station equipment in 3D
SimSCI 3D Training Simulations
providing the most realistic representation of remote equipment and related information as technologically possible

21. Thank you! Kelly Doran Industry Solution Architect