1. Ethics

2. etymology : Gk word ethicos, or that pertains to ethos the English translation of which is “custom” or “character”.

3. Various definitions
Ethics is the practical science of the morality of human conduct.
Ethics is the philosophical science dealing with the morality of the human acts.
Ethics is the systematic study of human actions from the point of view of their rightness or wrongness as means for the achievement of ultimate happiness.

4. Various definitions
Ethics is the normative science of the conduct of human beings living in societies – science which judges this conduct to be right or wrong, to be good or bad…
Ethics means a philosophical study of morality, of the foundation on which morality is based, and of the practical implications of a systematic moral outlook.

5. Various definitions
Ethics is the normative science based on reason, which interprets specific and paramount facts, the elements of which are conduct and oughtness.

6. Ethics as a philosophical science
it means that ethics is one of the disciplines in philosophy (critical study of fundamental beliefs)

7. Disciplines of philosophy
Descriptive or Speculative Philosophy
- What is the nature (essence or substance) of reality? (metaphysics)
Normative Philosophy
- What is good and what is bad or what is right action or wrong action?
Practical Philosophy
- reflects upon truth in relation to action (logic)
Critical Philosophy
- What is truth? (epistemology)

8. Ethics as a normative Philosophy
it systematically establishes standards or norms of human conduct
qualifies human conduct as to whether it is good or bad and right or wrong
requires definitive human conduct – requires man to act appropriately as man
ethics idealistically requires man to do what is good and what is right

9. Morality of human act
refers to the goodness or the badness, the rightness or the wrongness of human acts.
Ethics is a normative philosophical science that deals with the goodness or badness, the rightness or the wrongness of human acts.

10. Human acts (Montemayor)
Free voluntary acts of man
Acts done with knowledge and consent
Acts which are proper to man as man
Acts which we are conscious, are under our control which we are responsible
Are those of which man is master

11. Elements of Human acts (babor)
Knowledge – the agent has the intellectual knowledge; agent has awareness of the means to employ in performing an act.
Freedom – agent does an act under the control of his will
Voluntariness – requires the presence of knowledge and freedom; willful act

12. What is the difference between morality and ethics?

13. Ethics Morality Latin word mos or moris also means custom
Etymology : Greek word ethos meaning customs
theoretical science of good and bad or right and wrong actions
provides principles on the morality of human acts
equips man with a theoretical knowledge of the morality of human acts
ethics does not actually guarantee that man will be moral
One can only be moral when one applies ethics.
Latin word mos or moris also means custom

14. Morality is nothing else but a doing of ethics.
provides principles or bases of right or wrong and good or bad actions
outlines theories of right or wrong and good or bad actions
actualizes the theory
translates these theories into real actions
Morality is nothing else but a doing of ethics.

15. Relation of ethics with other sciences
Ethics and Logic
Logic is the science of right thinking
Ethics is the science of right living
Both aim at rectitude: logic – right thinking; ethics right doing

16. Relation of ethics with other sciences
Ethics and Psychology
Psychology is not interested in the morality of human behavior; studies how man behaves.
Ethics studies how man ought to behave; concerned with moral obligation

17. Relation of ethics with other sciences
Ethics and Sociology
Sociology deals with human relations in a society
Ethics deals with moral order – social order; focus on the proper observance of moral laws and principles

18. Relation of ethics with other sciences
Ethics and Economics
Economics deals with topics as wages, labor, production and distribution of wealth
Ethics deals with moral relations in business based on justice and charity.

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