1. : The World at War

2. 1. The Alliance System
Triple Entente:
Triple Alliance:

3. Two Armed Camps!
Allied Powers:
Central Powers:

4. Europe in 1914

5. Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The “Powder Keg” of Europe

6. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

7. The Assassination: Sarajevo

8. The Assassin:
Gavrilo Princip

9. Recruitment Posters

10. A Multi-Front War

11. Trench Warfare

12. Trench Warfare
“No Man’s Land”

13. Americans in the Trenches

14. Sacrifices in War

15. The Sinking of the Lusitania

16. The Zimmerman Telegram

17. Russia Leaves the War How does it all end?
Meanwhile, the Russian revolution occurs in Communist Russia, under Lenin and the Bolsheviks, pulls out of the fighting.
Germany is elated! They must only fight on one side now.
Thankfully, this coincides with Americans entry to the war, so troop levels remain even.

18. The war ends. Finally.
The Americans, as the fresh troops, continue to fight, fight , fight. They push through the Argonne Forest, where 120,000 of our men die.
Eventually, it is not weapons, but starvation, that prompts the Central Powers demise. As their people begin rioting, the Central Powers give in one by one.
On November 11, 1918, the Armistice is signed, signaling the end of fighting.

19. The Russian Revolution

20. Pre-Revolutionary Russia
Only true autocracy left in Europe
No type of representative political institutions
Nicholas II became tsar in 1889

21. Alexandra: The Power Behind the Throne
Even more blindly committed to autocracy than her husband
She was under the influence of Rasputin
Scandals surrounding Rasputin served to discredit the monarchy

22. Alexis: Alexandra’s Son with Hemophilia

23. The Two Revolutions of 1917 The March Revolution (March 12)
The November Revolution (November 6)

24. The March Revolution Origins: Food riots/strikes
Duma declared itself a Provisional Government on March12
Tsar ordered soldiers to intervene; instead they joined the rebellion…the Tsar thus abdicated on March 17

25. Founder of Bolshevism: Vladimir Lenin
His Early Years
--Exiled to Siberia in 1897
Committed to Class Struggle and Revolution
Moved to London in 1902 and befriended Leon Trotsky
What is to be Done?

26. Lenin Steps into This Vacuum
A tremendously charismatic personality
“Peace, Land, Bread”
“All Power to the Soviets”
He preached that the war was a capitalist/imperialist war that offered no rewards for the peasants/workers
Bolshevik party membership exploded; their power was consolidated

27. November Revolution Civil War followed, 1917-1920
“Reds” versus “Whites”
Complete breakdown of Russian economy and society

28. The November Revolution
The coup was planned by Leon Trotsky, who had Lenin’s blessing
All private property was abolished and divided among the peasantry
Largest industrial enterprises nationalized

29. November Revolution (cont)
Political Police organized: CHEKA
Revolutionary army created with Trotsky in charge = “Red Army”
Bolshevik Party renamed Communist Party in March of 1918

30. Interpreting the Russian Revolution
Lenin allows for some capitalism to keep starvation away
Lenin has a stroke
Both Trotsky and Stalin want ultimate power
Lenin’s letter
People die…who?

32. The Versailles Treaty

33. The Great Depression

34. France – False Sense of Security?
The Maginot Line