1. Topic 2 FAQ’s

2. Cells Most basic unit of life
Note: made up of macromolecules/atoms
Have subunits called organelles which perform specific functions

3. Cell Membrane Defines cell Made up of lipid bilayer Hydrophillic head
Hydrophobic tail

4. Pro vs. Eu Prokaryotes Eukaryotes No nucleus Simple
No membrane bound organelles
Ex: bacteria
Membrane bound nuclues
Complex
Membrane bound organelles
Animals, plants

5. Ribosomes Make proteins for the cell Made up of RNA and proteins
Found in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

6. Cytosol/cytoplasm Jelly-like substance in cell
Helps with transport/cell shape

7. ER/Golgi Bodies Both involved in protein synthesis/modification
Ribosomes attached to Rough ER make protein
ER modifies them as they move through channels
Transferred from ER to Golgi through vesicles
Golgi finishes modification/ships them to where they are needed in cell

9. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Series of tunnels that helps modify proteins
Rough ER-has ribosomes attached
Smooth ER-does not

10. Golgi Complex
Finishes modifying proteins/ships them to where they need to go
In order to ship them, proteins take piece of membrane
Travel in vesicles

11. Vesicles/Vacuoles Help transport materials/storage Proteins Nutrients
Other cellular materials

12. Lysosomes/lytic vacuoles
Contain enzymes that break down/recycle cellular materials

13. Mitochondria Provides energy for the cell
Breaks down sugar to release energy (cellular respiration

14. Chloroplasts NOT in animal cells-only plants and some protists
Photosynthesis-takes in light energy, stores it as chemical energy in sugars

15. Filaments
Part of the cytoskeleton-provide structure for the cell

16. Centrioles
Help with cell division-help pull chromosomes apart

17. Plant vs. Animal Plant Animal Cell wall Chloroplasts
No lysosome/centriole
No cell wall
No chloroplasts
Lysosome/centriole