1. Periodontal Debridement

2. Routine Prevention or Necessary Treatment?
Dental prophylaxis OR periodontal therapy
Removal of deposits from supragingival and subgingival surfaces of the teeth
Uses nonsurgical OR non-surgical instrumentation
To prevent OR arrest infection
General anesthesia for both
What does that entail?
Risks?
Cost?

3. Explore the Teeth Explore caries
Dental explorer – has a slender, wire-like working end that tapers to a sharp point and is used to explore the topography of the tooth surface (crowns)
Explore caries
Acid producing bacteria
demineralization of enamel and dentin
What is the most
common surface affected?
Looking for pulp exposure
How does this happen?

4. Check for Attachment Loss
Periodontal probe
Round, blunt instrument
Miniature intraoral ruler that measures:
1. Attachment levels (gingival recession and sulcus depths)
2. Loss of bone in furcation areas
Used to assess mobility of teeth and the presence of gingival bleeding
What is normal sulcus depth for a canine? Feline?

6. Periodontal Probe
Williams’ markings have millimeter increments at 1,2,3,5,7,8,9 and 10mm.

7. Calculus Removers Removes gross calculus, supragingivally
Which teeth do you think need this tool the most?

8. Scaling Above the Gingiva
Hand scaler – used to remove tartar / calculus supragingivally
Modified pen grasp technique
Gives precise control of the instrument; limits wrist motion
Where should all of your fingers be?
Working end
Shank
Handle

9. Scaling Below the Gingiva
Curette-used to remove tartar subgingivally
Modified Pen Grasp
*Tip is more round/dull than the hand scaler.

10. Periodontal Debridement Using Machines
Ultrasonic scaler- uses vibrations and irrigation to remove tartar from surface of tooth.
Steady stream of water (strong mist) flushes out the sulcus AND can disrupt bacterial cell walls

11. Ultrasonic Scaler
Water through the tip also acts as a coolant; this machine can get very hot!
Move tip from the sulcus, coronally, towards the apex.
Time line/tooth?

12. Ultrasonic Scalers: Two Options
1. Magnetostrictive- magnetic field in the hand piece is created by zinc and nickel, sends vibrations to the tip in an elliptical pattern
All surfaces of the tip vibrate!
Most vibrations are on the tip
Use least amount of vibrations
Found on the lateral surfaces

13. Magnetostrictive Scaler
INCORRECT
Distal third of tip should be held at 0-15° from long axis of the tooth.

14. Ultrasonic Scalers: Two Options
2. Piezoelectric- ceramic discs or crystal that produces liner movements
Only lateral surfaces vibrate
More fragile, more skill required
More expensive, growing in popularity

15. Periodontal Debridement
Polishing – VERY IMPORTANT
The scaler microscopically scratches the tooth surface and creates more surface area  quicker bacterial build up
1-3 seconds/tooth
Prophy angle- attachment that is connected to the hand piece
Removable rubber cup holds polish, or prophy paste

16. Patient Position/Safety
Comfortable for you and the patient
Plenty of light
Elevate neck; nose down
Why?
Opening of mouth
Oral speculum
Suction/gauze
Preemptive rinse?
PPE

17. Periodontal Debridement Safety-PPE

20. Feline Mouth Gags Cornell Feline Health Center study
Maxillary artery blocked
Blindness post anesthesia