1. Britain
1850

2. Population
50% lived in countryside
50% lived in towns
Rapid movement due to industrialisation

3. Urbanisation
Growth of towns
Towns unable to cope
Overcrowding
Poor sanitation
Poor water supplies

4. Disease
Epidemics – massive outbreaks of disease
Cholera
Typhus
High child mortality

5. Work Prosperity – Industrial revolution
Prosperous business class - entrepreneurs
Workshop of the world
Coal, Iron, Steel, Textiles
Agriculture
Growth of Trade Unions

6. Government Upper classes dominated Stability (1848 Revolutions)
Working classes peaceful
Strong work ethic
Low taxes
Growth of Socialism

7. Welfare Laissez faire attitudes – self help Massive social problems
Poor Law – Workhouses
Limited improvement e.g Factory Act, 1848 Public Health Act