1. Parker Morris standards 1967-80
Dwellings should be fitted with heating systems that maintain the kitchen and circulation space at 13oC and the living and dining spaces at 18oC when the external temperature is -1oC

2. Excess winter deaths all cause mortality – East England

3. Excess winter death by social group of head of household (%)

4. Excess winter death by tenure (%)

6. PRIORITISING DISEASES
Disease A
Disease B
Total
Deaths in all areas
100
200
Deaths in deprived areas 20 40 60
Improvement
None
50%
Resulting deaths in all areas 50
150
(25%)
Resulting deaths in deprived areas
(33%)

7. Early successes
Clean water supply
Polio immunisation

8. Reducing knife injuries

9. Financial Incentives
“Obese and overweight adults in England could be paid to lose weight under plans being considered by the Government. The new strategy to tackle poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyles includes the suggestion that people should receive financial rewards or shopping vouchers for achieving and maintaining a healthy weight.”
Times Jan

10. Present Government policy
Health and Social Care Bill
The steps that may be taken … include –
providing financial incentives to encourage individuals to adopt healthier lifestyles

11. NHS Tayside Quit4U
Smokers in the poorest areas of Dundee offered £150 worth of groceries by the health service if they are able to give up cigarettes
Participants in 12-week scheme given £12.50 a week by NHS Tayside if a carbon monoxide breath test proves they have not been smoking
The money credited onto an electronic card which cannot be used for cigarettes or alcohol.

12. Pre-operative smoking cessation
Not smoking at time of operation
2 trials with 210 people receiving intensive intervention RR (52% v 5%) f
5 trials with 805 people receiving brief intervention RR 1.41 (51% v 36%)
Complications (5 trials)
RR 0.70 (25% v 42%) for any complication
RR 0.70 (17% v 28%) for wound complications.