1. Chapter 4 - Elements, Mixtures and Compounds
Section 1 – Elements (pp )

2. ELEMENT
Definition: An element is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
Grinding -heating
Electrolysis -filtering

3. PURE SUBSTANCE
Definition of a pure substance: A pure substance is a substance in which there is only one type of particle
Because elements are pure substances, each element only contains one type of particle

4. PURE SUBSTANCE
The particles of a pure substance are alike no matter where the substance is found
Example: an iron skillet and a meteorite have the same type of particle (iron) in them

5. ELEMENTS
Have characteristic properties that do not depend on the amount of material that is present in the sample
Elements are classified by their properties. They are grouped into categories according to their shared properties. If you know the category, you know the element.

6. 3 CATEGORIES OF ELEMENTS

7. METALS Are shiny Are good conductors of thermal energy
Are good conductors of electric current
Are malleable
Are ductile

8. METALS
Examples:
Copper
Lead
Aluminum

9. NONMETALS Are not shiny (are dull)
Are poor conductors of thermal energy
Are poor conductors of electric current
Solids are brittle
Solids are not malleable

10. NONMETALS
neon
graphite
sulfur
bromine

11. METALLOIDS Have properties of both metals and nonmetals
Some are shiny, some are dull
Are somewhat malleable and ductile
Some conduct thermal energy and electric current well, others do not

12. METALLOIDS
Examples:
antimony
silicon
boron