1. BELLRINGER What is the Renaissance called in England?
What was the goal of Christian humanists?
Who was the most well-known Christian humanist of the time?

3. Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideals
Johann Gutenberg invents printing press
1st Book printed = Gutenberg Bible
Now possible to produce books cheaply & quickly

4. Legacy of the Renaissance
Changes in the Arts
Used styles Ancient Greece & Rome
Realistic portrayals of individuals & nature
Begin writing in vernacular
Art praised individual achievement (HUMANISM)

5. Changes in Society Printing Press makes info available and affordable
Results  increased literacy
Publication of new discoveries leads to more new discoveries
People understand laws better
Christian Humanists try to reform society
People begin questioning gov’t and religious practices

6. Ch. 1-3: Luther leads the reformation

7. The Catholic Church Catholic = Universal Headquartered in Rome
Leader is Pope
World’s largest Christian church
Was most powerful influence over people’s lives
1/6 of world is Catholic

8. Causes of the Reformation (p.54)
Social
Political
Economic
Religious
Humanism & Secularism led people to question Church
Monarchs didn’t like that Church was more powerful
Monarchs were jealous of pope’s wealth
Some church leaders were corrupt and worldly
Printing press helps spread ideas
Monarchs viewed pope as foreign
Merchants didn’t like paying taxes to church
Many didn’t like the sale of indulgences

9. Some Catholic Beliefs
If you died with a dirty soul you would go to either Purgatory or straight to hell.
You had to go to Church and the Priest would punish you to clean your Soul.
You could buy an indulgence
If you died with a clean Soul you would go to heaven.
I would use the zoom facility of my interactive whiteboard to zoom in on the different sections of this picture.
If you haven’t got this facility then you could crop the picture to the scene you prefered

10. Who was Martin Luther? German monk, religious scholar and professor.
While comparing the Latin Catholic Bible with the original Greek & Hebrew he found that certain parts were incorrectly translated.
Also disagreed with selling indulgences
Luther nailed his 95 complaints on the door of a Church in Wittenburg in 1517.
The 95 Theses were copied, printed, and distributed all over Germany

11. The 95 Theses What are they?
Luther’s formal statements attacking indulgences
1517 – Luther posts the 95 Theses on the door of the church and invites other scholars to debate him
Salvation is by faith alone, not faith and good works
Church teachings should only be based on the Bible – not the pope
All people with faith are equal  no need for priests to interpret the Bible for them
95 Theses are printed and distributed all over Europe
Luther’s actions begin the Reformation

12. Pope Leo X's Threat
At first, Church considered Luther a rebel who needed to be punished
Luther suggests Christians drive the pope out
Luther is excommunicated

13. Charles V Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (HRE) Devout Catholic
Summons Luther to trial in Worms, Germany
Commands Luther to recant (take back) his statements but Luther refuses
Charles V issues Edict of Worms:
Declares Luther an outlaw and heretic
Luther’s books are burned
No one is to give Luther food or shelter
Prince Frederick disobeys and hides Luther

14. The Peasants' Revolt Begin applying Luther’s ideas to society
Raid monasteries, pillaging & burning
Luther is not happy
Asks the German princes to show no mercy
Princes win, kill 10,000 people
Peasants feel betrayed and reject Luther’s religion
Princes support Luther
Not because they believe, but seize opportunity to take power away from HRE
Princes sign a protest agreement against the Catholic Church  Become known as Protestants

15. Peace of Augsburg Charles V goes to war with German princes
Charles wins, but the princes refuse to be Catholic
Peace of Augsburg
Princes agree that each ruler could decide the religion of his state

16. Reformation goes to England
Henry is a devout Catholic
Writes a stinging attack on Luther’s 95 Theses
Pope gives Henry the title “Defender of the Faith”
Henry’s father became king after a long civil war
Henry is desperate for a son
He only has 1 child with his wife, a daughter

17. Activity Design your own Martin Luther Poster.
Include five or more of Martin Luther’s theses against the Catholic Church.
You can age your poster for HW.

18. Activity
Using the slides with the pictures of a Catholic & Protestant Church, complete the table below to show the key differences
Catholic Church
Protestant Church
If you cut & paste the pictures from slides 6 & 10 into word to make the sheet for this activity

19. A Catholic Church

20. A Protestant Church

21. Catholic Church

22. Clothes worn by Catholic Priest in 16th Century
Notice the image of Christ

23. Clothes Worn by Protestant Vicars (Priests)

24. What other changes took place?