1. Food Webs and Pyramids

2. Food Chains
Nutrients and energy flow through ecosystems in food chains and food webs.

3. A food chain is the flow of energy from one organism to another.
The arrows in a food chain represent the energy flow!
Here is an example……

5. FOOD WEBS
Interconnecting food chains
Gives us a better picture of the ecosystem

8. Moving up each trophic level, there is a 90% loss of heat.
Trophic Levels
Contains all organisms in a feeding level that are the same number of steps away from the sun.
Moving up each trophic level, there is a 90% loss of heat.

10. That means that only 10% of energy is passed along from one level to another.

11. Because of the huge loss of energy, there is usually no more that 4 or 5 trophic levels.

12. Ecological Pyrmaids
Graphic way to represent the relationship energy values in each tropic level.

13. Pyramid of Energy Pyramid of Numbers Pyramid of Biomass
TYPES OF PYRAMIDS
Pyramid of Energy
Pyramid of Numbers
Pyramid of Biomass

14. The bases of these pyramids represent the producers.

15. PYRAMID OF ENERGY
Illustrates the energy content of biomass of each tropic level.
Energy expressed in kilocalories/square meters.

17. Illustrates the total biomass at each trophic level.
PYRAMID OF BIOMASS
Illustrates the total biomass at each trophic level.

18. Biomass is a quantitative estimate of the total mass or amount of living material.
Biomass units vary. It can be represented by total volume or live weight.

20. This pyramid is based on the number of organisms at each level.
PYRAMID OF NUMBERS
This pyramid is based on the number of organisms at each level.

21. Not as useful as the other pyramids because it provides no information about energy levels or biomass.

23. INVERTED PYRAMID OF NUMBERS
Blue birds