1. “ MERIT ORDER SCHEDULING AND
Session on
“ MERIT ORDER SCHEDULING AND
DESPATCH UNDER ABT ”
Salient Features
Northern Regional Power System
Welcome
in the course on
“ GRID CODE AND
MERIT ORDER SCHEDULING &
DESPATCH UNDER ABT ”
Largest sized hydro unit (180 MW at Chamera) in the country

2. GRID OPERATION
AND
CONTROL

3. MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE GRID
GENERATION
LOAD
TRANSMISSION NETWORK

4. PERFORMANCE INDICES SYSTEM FREQUENCY SYSTEM VOLTAGE
HEALTH OF TRANSMISSION NETWORK
SYSTEM RESERVES & REDUNDANCY
CAPABILITY TO OVERCOME A CONTINGENCY

5. MAIN FUNCTIONS UNDER GRID OPERATION & CONTROL
Load Generation Balance
Merit Order Operation
Inter-regional/Intra-regional Exchanges
Maintenance of Grid Security
System Restoration/Revival

6. LOAD GENERATION BALANCE

9. LOAD DIVERSITY
The unique load curve of different identities due to varied nature of load / requirements results in the overall load diversity.

13. DEMAND ESTIMATION Central Govt. CEA REB State Govt. SLDC CERC SEB/STU
SERC
CTU G1 G2
RLDC
Intra State System
ISTS
ISGS
Load
IEGC to Operate on the periphery X= L G G L1 L2

14. DEMAND ESTIMATION Availability = Own Generation
(+) Entitlement from Grid
(+) Bilaterals

15. DEMAND ESTIMATION IEGC Chapter –6 Para 6.3 Sub-Para 6.3.3
Each State / SLDC shall develop methodologies / mechanisms for estimation (MW, MVAR and MWH) for operational purposes. The data for estimation shall also include Load Shedding, Power Cuts etc. SLDCs shall also maintain Historical Database for Demand Estimation.

16. DEMAND ESTIMATION Load Restriction = Demand (Requirement)
(Load shedding)
(-) Availability

17. ENTITLEMENTS = Fixed Shares +
Unallocated Shares

18. FIXED SHARES UNALLOCATED SHARES
Allocation to States from the Central Sector Stations in terms of Percentages which generally remain fixed.
UNALLOCATED SHARES
Allocation to States from Central Sector Stations in terms of Percentages which are changed on seasonal basis and / or under typical conditions as decided by Govt. of India.

25. SCHEDULING UNDER ABT MECHANISM

26. CONTROL AREAS REGIONAL GRID SEB's GRID CS - 1 CS - 3 CS - 2 SEB-B
SEB-C
STATE
RLDC
REGIONAL GRID
COORDINATES/
DISTR - C
DISTR - B
SEB's GRID
SLDC
COORDINATES/
DIRECTS
SEB-A
DISTR - A
STATE
GENR.
CENTRAL
IPP
SHARE

27. AGENCIES PARTICIPATING IN THE SCHEDULING PROCESS OF NORTHERN REGION
NTPC
Singrauli
Rihand
Unchahar
Dadri (Th)
Dadri (GF)
Dadri (LF)
Anta (GF)
Anta (LF)
Auraiya (GF)
Auraiya (LF)
NHPC
Bairasiul
Salal
Tanakpur
Chamera-1
Chamera-2
Uri
NPC
NAPS
RAPS – 3
RAPS - 4
Others
NJPC

28. AGENCIES PARTICIPATING IN THE SCHEDULING PROCESS OF NORTHERN REGION
BBMB
Bhakra
Dehar
Pong
STATES
Punjab
Haryana
Rajasthan
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh
Uttaranchal
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu Kashmir
U.T. Chandigarh
OTHERS
Eastern Region
Western Region
Railways
NFF

29. AGENCIES PARTICIPATING IN THE SCHEDULING PROCESS OF NORTHERN REGION
Generating Stations = 23
States = 9
Others = 4 (+)

30. SCHEDULING AND DESPATCH PROCEDURE
·                ALL ISGS STATIONS WITH CAPACITIES AND ALLOCATED SHARES TO BE LISTED OUT
·      BY 1000 HRS EACH ISGS ADVISES RLDC OF ITS EX-POWER PLANT MW AND MWH CAPABILITIES ANTICIPATED FOR NEXT DAY i.e. 00:00 TO 24:00 HRS
·      BY 1100 HRS BENEFICIARIES ADVISED OF ABOVE INFORMATION ALONG WITH THEIR ENTITLEMENTS
·      BY 1500 HRS SLDCs ADVISE RLDC THEIR DRAWAL SCHEDULE FOR EACH OF THE ISGS IN WHICH THEY HAVE SHARE
·       BY 1700 HRS RLDC CONVEYS THE 'EX-POWER PLANT DESPATCH SCHEDULE (IN MW)' TO EACH ISGS AND 'NET DRAWAL SCHEDULE (IN MW)' TO EACH BENEFICIARY (AFTER DEDUCTING TRANSMISSION LOSSES)
·    RLDC TO ENSURE SCHEDULES ARE OPERATIONALLY REASONABLE WITH RESPECT TO RAMPING UP/RAMPING DOWN RATES AND THE MINIMUM TO MAXIMUM RATIO OF GENERATION.

31. SCHEDULING AND DESPATCH PROCEDURE (Contd.)
· ISGS/SLDCs TO INFORM ANY MODIFICATIONS IN FORESEEN CAPABILITY/STATION WISE DRAWAL SCHEDULE TO RLDC BY 2200 HRS. RLDC TO ISSUE FINAL SCHEDULE IN SUCH CASES BY 2300 HRS.
·    REVISIONS IN SCHEDULE PERMITTED DURING THE COURSE OF THE DAY. SUCH REVISIONS EFFECTIVE ONE HOUR AFTER THE FIRST ADVISE IS RECEIVED BY THE RLDC.
·  RLDC TO CHECK FOR TRANSMISSION CONSTRAINTS, IF ANY, BEFORE FINALISING THE DRAWAL/DESPATCH SCHEDULE.
·  ON COMPLETION OF THE OPERATING DAY, SCHEDULE, AS FINALLY IMPLEMENTED DURING THE DAY SHALL BE ISSUED BY RLDC. THIS WOULD BE THE DATUM FOR COMMERCIAL ACCOUNTING.
·  RLDC TO PROPERLY DOCUMENT ALL THE ABOVE INFORMATION EXCHANGED BETWEEN ISGS AND RLDC, CONSTITUENTS AND RLDC ETC.
·     ALL RECORDS IN RESPECT OF ABOVE OPEN TO ALL CONSTITUENTS FOR ANY CHECKING/VERIFICATION FOR A PERIOD OF 20 DAYS.

32. Time Schedule of interaction between ISGS, SLDCs and NRLDC for Scheduling
Purpose
A. Day ahead Scheduling:
By 1000 hrs
ISGS to NRLDC
Availability forecast, time-wise for next day
By 1100 hrs
NRLDC to SLDCs
Anticipated ISGS wise entitlement for the next day
By 1500 hrs
SLDCs to NRLDC
ISGS wise requisition, demand, bilateral arrangements etc. anticipated for the next day
By 1700 hrs
NRLDC to ISGS/ SLDCs
Final generation schedule to ISGS & net drawal schedule to SLDCs for the next day
By 2200 hrs
Any ISGS/ SLDC to NRLDC
Changes in availability/ requisition, if any for the next day
By 2300 hrs
NRLDC to all ISGS/ SLDCs
Revised final generation schedule to ISGS & net drawal schedule to SLDCs respectively for the next day
B. Running day Scheduling:
Any time “a”
Changes in availability / requisition, if any for rest of the day
Within next one and half hour of “a”
Revised generation schedule to ISGS & net drawal schedule to SLDCs respectively for rest of the day
ISGS: Inter State Generating Stations
SLDC: State Load Despatch Centre

33. MERIT ORDER OPERATION

34. Components of inter-utility tariff (Pre – ABT Mechanism)
Fixed charges
Interest on loans
Depreciation
O & M charges
Return on equity
Interest on Working Capital
Energy charges (fuel cost)
Incentives
Surcharge & other levies
No charge for reactive energy

35. TENTATIVE COST FOR NTPC THERMAL STATIONS FOR THE MONTH OF DEC 2003
Fixed Cost Rs. Cr/yr
(1)
Average Fixed Cost Rs. Cr/day
(2)
Average Fixed Cost P / KWh
(3)
Variable Base Cost P / KWh
(4)
Variable FPA P / KWh
(5)
Total Variable Base Cost P / KWh (6)
Composite Cost P / KWh
(3) + (6)
Singrauli
364.59
0.996
28.27
67.98
7.86
75.84
104.11
Rihand
478.74
1.330
65.83
106.03
44.70
78.99
137.41
Unchahar – I
195.91
0.535
73.35
55.83
6.74
112.77
186.12
Anta GPS*
92.92
0.258
47.13
60.55
84.11
144.66
139.47
Auraiya GPS*
160.20
0.445
42.17
61.92
92.88
154.80
169.73
DadriGPS G)
210.96
0.576
37.20
95.14
0.24
95.38
132.58
Dadri (T)
416.78
1.158
76.97
90.56
55.57
146.13
229.24
Unchahar – II
---
103.28
6.98
110.26
473.75
Dadrigas(L)
356.34
71.21
436.55
* Includes liquid firing also
*Rates for mixed fuel (gas+ liquid fuel, naphtha)

36. Payment to Inter State Generating Stations (ISGS) from beneficiaries under Availability Based Tariff (ABT)
Capacity charges
Energy charges
Unscheduled Interchange (UI)

38. Energy Charges (paise/kwh) for Central Sector stations (Dec 2003)
Sl. No.
Power Station
Rate (Paise / KWh) 1.
Salal
69.47 2.
Tanakpur 3.
Singrauli
75.84 4.
Rihand
78.99 5.
Anta/Auraiya/Dadri GT
95.00 6.
Unchahar
110.00 7.
Dadri (Thermal)
145.00

39. ABT FEEDBACK

41. Singrauli & Rihand
Dadri (T)
2700
800
Declared Capability
Injection Schedule
Declared Capability
Injection schedule
2555
750
711
2600
2530
717
2491
2505
700
2500
640
Average MW
Average MW
619
650
2400
600
2300
550
2200
500
Pre ABT(Dec 01-Nov 02)
Post ABT(Dec 02-Nov 03)
Pre ABT(Dec 01-Nov 02)
Post ABT(Dec 02-Nov 03)
Unchahar-1 & 2
Anta, Auraiya & Dadri
750
1800
Declared Capability
Injection Schedule
Declared Capabilty
Injection Schedule
691
687
1700
1636
700
653
1600
1478
650
1500
Average MW
599
Average MW
1336
1330
1400
600
1300
550
1200
500
1100
Pre ABT(Dec 01-Nov 02)
Post ABT(Dec 02-Nov 03)
Pre ABT(Dec 01-Nov 02)
Post ABT(Dec 02-Nov 03)

46. INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGES

47. Inter Regional HVDC Links
HCDC Vindhyachal B-B
HCDC Sasaram B-B
HCDC Chandrapur B-B
HCDC Gazuaka B-B
HCDC Talcher Kolar

48. 100 MW WBSEB to J&K 0000 to 2400hrs- PTC
450
450
450
440
450
10 MW GRIDCO to HVPNL 0000 to 1700 & 2300 to 2400 hrs-NVVNL
100 MW DVC to HVPNL 0000 to 1700 & 2300 to 2400 hrs-PTC
50 MW GRIDCO
to DTL-NVVNL
100
50 MW DVC to DTL-
PTC
140 MW WBSEB to DTL 0000 to 2400-PTC
100 MW WBSEB to J&K 0000 to 2400hrs- PTC
100 MW ISGS Allocations 0000 to 2400 hrs

52. NR BILATERAL AGREEMENTS

54. SYSTEM SECURITY

58. ECONOMY OF REQUISITIONING FROM GAS STATIONS ON LIQUID FIRING
Tariff Regulation – Economy and Efficiency vis-à-vis Security
ECONOMY OF REQUISITIONING FROM GAS STATIONS ON LIQUID FIRING
Energy Charges (Liquid Firing)
Anta Rs /unit
Auraiya Rs /unit
Dadri Rs /unit
(approx)
UI Rates
49.5 Hz Rs. 2.80
49.4 Hz Rs. 3.08
49.3 Hz Rs. 3.36
49.2 Hz Rs. 3.64
49.1 Hz Rs. 3.92
49.0 Hz & Below Rs. 4.20

68. FREE GOVERNOR MODE
OF OPERATION

70. Thank You