1. HIV AIDS Counseling
Counseling incorporates a process of empowerment for persons with HIV.
Living with HIV does not mean living despite HIV
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2. Importance Infection is life long
Diagnosis of HIV has enormous psychological pressure and anxiety that can delay constructive change or worsen illness
Behavioral change can prevent acquiring HIV or transmitting it to others
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Bharti'2K

3. Introduction
Counseling is an interpersonal interaction & dialogue between a client and someone who is trained and skilled in counseling.
It is a helping process where one explicitly and purposefully gives one’s time ,attention and skills to assist a client explore their situation,identify and act upon solutions within the limitations of their given environment.
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Bharti'2K

4. OBJECTIVES
1.Provide psychosocial support to those already affected-may be HIV+ve or AIDS,
2.Prevent HIV infection.
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5. Counseling as a process
can
Ensure passing on correct information
Provide support at time of crisis
Encourage change when required
Help the client identify immediate & long term needs
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6. Counseling Can
Propose realistic actions in different situations for different people
Assist clients to accept and act on information on health&well being,and
Help client to be well informed and appreciate technical,social,ethical and legal implications of HIV testing
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7. Ward,clinic,blood bank,school,mandir/guruduara.
WHERE?
ANYWHERE
Ward,clinic,blood bank,school,mandir/guruduara.
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Bharti'2K

8. You,me,doctor,nurse,psychologist,LT,social worker,pharmacist
WHO?
Anyone
You,me,doctor,nurse,psychologist,LT,social worker,pharmacist
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Bharti'2K

9. Who is a Good counselor?
Own values must not influence(open,non judgmental)
Must respect culture and traditions of client(positive regard for client)
Must take into account prevailing beliefs about ailments in general and HIV in particular(knowledgeable)
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Bharti'2K

10. GOOD COUNSELOR
Must help clients and families to discover culturally acceptable ways of expressing emotions,anger,guilt,fear,sadness(cultura-lly sensitive)
Patient and good listener
Able to maintain confidentiality
Objective with clarity.
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Bharti'2K

11. Techniques of Counseling
Active listening/attending
Reflection of feeling
Questioning-open ended,not multiple choice or Y/N type
Paraphrasing-repeat client’s statement in your own words.Essence/summary of client’s words.
Interpretations
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12. Contents of Counseling
Primarily to prevent reinfection
Basic information about HIV infection,opportunistic infections and means of transmission
Specific information on risk reduction by changing risk behaviors(safe sex,safe syringes and safe motherhood)
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Bharti'2K

13. Contents of Counseling
How to tell others that one is HIV positive
Handling hostility-fear & feeling about having HIV
Supporting the process of anticipatory grief
Planning continued involvement of client in self care
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Bharti'2K

14. Contents of Counseling
Establishing a supportive network to provide physical and emotional care during the course of the disease
Exploring the ways of taking care of survivors
Accepting fear of death and continue to provide emotional support
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15. STAGES Forming rapport and gaining trust
Defining and understanding roles ,boundaries and needs
Process of ongoing,supportive counseling
Closure or ending counseling relationship.it can be tapered off like we taper steroids
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Bharti'2K

16. Supportive Behavior of Counselor VERBAL
Encourages:”I see”,”Yeah,go on.”
Addresses by proper adjective,behanji,prahji etc.
Gives needed information.
Uses humor.
No criticism.
Client’s language
Repeat client’s statement
Explain clearly
Summarises
Respond to primary message
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17. Supportive Behavior of Counselor Non Verbal
Use facial expressions
Use occasional gestures
Client’s tone
Look into client’s eyes
Nod occassionally
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18. Non supportive Behavior of Counselor Verbal
Excess reassuring
Straying on the topic
Encouraging dependence
Patronising attitude
Directing,demanding
Advising
Preaching
Blaming & judging
Cajoling
Interrogating
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19. Non Supportive Behavior of counselor Non Verbal
Using unpleasant tone of speech
Speaking too fast or too slow
Moving around
Fidgeting.
Looking away
Keeping a distance
Yawning
Frowning
Blank face
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20. CONCLUSIONS Counseling is an art and science
Requires self knowledge,discipline and restraint besides knowledge of HIV
Counselor should have a balance between warmth and acceptability on one hand and objectivity on the other.
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21. CONCLUSIONS
Approaches may be different but a counselor should have qualities of caring,empathy,self-awareness,cultural sensitivity and patience
Counseling techniques include active attending,reflection of feeling,questioning,interpretation,con-frontation and summarizing
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22. CONCLUSIONS
Counseling relationship has stages of rapport forming,demystifying counseling process and beginning the process of history taking and needs definition,actual work of supporting clients decisions,feelings and help him/her change and finally ending of relationship.
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Bharti'2K

23. thanks
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Bharti'2K