1. Section 4-Polling Question
What do you think might have prevented the War of 1812?
A. Better diplomacy
B. Better communication
C. Better judgment of British military power
D. Nothing could have prevented the War of 1812 A B C D

2. Chapter 9 The Era of Jefferson (1800-1816)
Section 4 The War of 1812

3. How did the United States benefit from the War of 1812?
Essential Question
How did the United States benefit from its victory in the War of 1812?
How did the United States benefit from the War of 1812?

4. War Begins The War Hawks were confident in a quick victory
But the Americans were unprepared for war
The regular army had fewer than 7,000 troops
States added between 50,000 and 100,000 poorly trained militia
Veterans of the American Revolution were too old for warfare

5. More of the War Begins Not everyone supported “Mr. Madison’s War”
The Americans underestimated the strength of the British and their Native American Allies
War began in July of 1812
General William Hull led the American army from Detroit into Canada
Tecumseh and his warriors met Hull, and Hull surrendered Detroit to the British
William Henry Harrison also made an unsuccessful attempt to invade Canada
Harrison decided that the Americans could not do anything as long as the British controlled Lake Erie

6. Naval Battles
Oliver Hazard Perry was ordered to seize Lake Erie from the British
September 10, Perry’s ship defeated the British naval force
Perry sent a message to General Harrison that said “We have met the enemy and they are ours”
Harrison cut off the British and Indian allies on October 5th
The Battle of the Thames- Tecumseh was killed

7. The Americans Attack
Americans attacked the town of York (Present day Toronto)
Burned parliament buildings
Canada was not conquered, but the Americans won some victories by the end of 1813
The U.S. Navy had 3 of the fastest frigates
The Constitution destroyed four British vessels in four months
Privateers captured many British vessels

8. Setbacks for Native Americans
Before the Battle of the Thames, Tecumseh talked with the Creeks about the Confederation
But hopes of a Confederation died with Tecumseh
March Andrew Jackson attacked the Creeks
Jackson’s forces slaughtered more than 550 Creek people
Known as the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, the defeat forced the Creeks to give up their lands

9. A B C D Why was Tecumseh’s death such a setback for the British?
Section 4
Why was Tecumseh’s death such a setback for the British?
A. Because he was such a good warrior.
B. Because he might have united the Native American nations against the United States.
C. Because he knew how to navigate the rough terrain of the northwest.
D. Because the United States feared him. A B C D

10. The British Offensive
Spring British put full attention to war in America
The British had defeated Napoleon and sent more troops to America
August The British sailed into Chesapeake Bay
Marched to Washington D.C. and overpowered the American Militia
“They proceeded, without a moment’s delay, to burn and destroy everything in the most distant degree connected with the government”
The Capital and White House were burned
A thunderstorm put out the fires

11. Baltimore Holds Firm The British did not try to hold Washington D.C.
They left and sailed north to Baltimore
The people of Baltimore held firm against the British
Defense from Fort McHenry in the harbor kept the British from entering the city
Francis Scott Key, an attorney, watched the bombs burst over Fort McHenry during the night of September 13-14
That morning he saw the American flag still flying
He wrote a poem that later became known as-
The Star Spangled Banner

12. Defeat at Plattsburgh
General Sir George Prevost led more than 10,000 British troops into New York from Canada
His goal was to capture Plattsburgh on Lake Champlain
American naval forces defeated the British fleet in 1814
The British retreated into Canada
The British decided the war was too costly and unnecessary
The British would gain little and was not worth the effort

13. Battle of New Orleans The British moved closer to New Orleans
Andrew Jackson and his troops waited for them
British attacked on January 8, 1815
Jackson said don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes
American riflemen behind cotton bales and mowed down the redcoats
21 Americans were killed
2,030 British were lost

14. The War Ends
American and British representatives signed the Treaty of Ghent in December 24, 1814
What is the problem?
Battle of New Orleans- January 8, 1815 and the Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814
Treaty showed that there was no clear winner
No territory changed hands
Nothing was mentioned about the impressment of sailors

15. American Nationalism
New England Federalists opposed “Mr. Madison’s War” from the start
They made a list of proposed amendments to the Constitution
In the triumph following the war, the Federalists’ grievances seemed unpatriotic
The party lost the public’s respect and was weakened
The War Hawks took over the leadership of the Republican Party and carried on the Federalist philosophy of a STRONG central government
They favored trade, western expansion, development of the economy, and a strong army and navy
After the war, Americans felt a new sense of patriotism and national identity
The nation also gained respect from other nations

16. Section 4
Which Federalist principle did the Republicans retain when they took control of the government after the War of 1812?
A. raising taxes to repay the war debt
B. the idea of implied powers
C. a strong central government
D. a strict interpretation of the Constitution A B C D

17. How did the United States benefit from the War of 1812?
Essential Question
How did the United States benefit from its victory in the War of 1812?
1. End to the threat of a Native American confederation
2. Growth of national pride
3. National identity
4. Respect from other nations
How did the United States benefit from the War of 1812?
1. End to the threat of a Native American confederation
2. Growth of national pride
3. National identity
4. Respect from other nations