1. SSA Review 13 –
Diversity & Evolution

2. Part 1 - Classification of Living Things
Scientists estimate that there are between 3 million and 100 million species of organisms on Earth.
Taxonomists--biologists who specialize in identifying and classifying life on our planet--have named approximately 1.7 million species so far.
Each year, about 13,000 new species are added to the list of known organisms.
So, how do scientists classify (organize) all these millions of species?

3. What is classification?
Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions.

4. The Linnaean Classification System
Domains
Kingdoms
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Binomial Nomenclature
Scientific Name =
Genus + Species
Kids Prefer Candy Over Fresh Green Salads

5. Life's History and Diversity
The Big
Picture
12/5/2018
Biol 1010, G. Podgorski

6. Eukaryotic - Kingdoms 1. Plant 2. Fungi 3. Protist 4. Animals
Autotroph – An organism capable of making its own food (photosynthesis)
Heterotroph - An organism that cannot make its own food
(must eat other organisms for their energy)
Autotrophs
Heterotroph
Major decomposers
3. Protist
4. Animals
Heterotroph
Algae –
Paramecium -
Autotroph
Heterotroph

8. American Alligator:
Alligator Mississippiensis
Kingdom:  Animalia Phylum:  Chordata Class:  Sauropsida Order:  Crocodilia Family:  Alligatoridae Genus:  Alligator Species:   mississippiensis
Scientific Name: Alligator Mississippiensis

9. Part 2 - Theory of Evolution

10. **Sample SSA Question
A certain reptile species is a herbivore and exists only on an isolated island. Which of the following would most likely result in the extinction of the reptile species over a period of twenty thousand years?
A. The reptile species produces many offspring with many unique traits, and the vegetation remains constant.
B. The reptile species produces few offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation remains constant.
C. The reptile species produces few offspring with no unique traits, and the vegetation changes quickly.
D. The reptile species produces many offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation changes slowly.

11. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.
A scientific theory is a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world.

13. Evidence of Evolution Fossil Record -
The fossil record contains examples of the transition from one species into another.

14. Evidence of Evolution Adaptations –
A change in the physical trait of an organism over time that helps it to adapt to its changing environment
Camouflage
Resource Conservation

15. Evolution by Natural Selection
Natural Selection - the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
The Struggle for Existence-members of each species have to compete for food, shelter, other life necessities
Survival of the Fittest - Some individuals better suited for the environment

16. SAMPLE SSA QUESTION
A certain reptile species is a herbivore and exists only on an isolated island. Which of the following would most likely result in the extinction of the reptile species over a period of twenty thousand years?
A. The reptile species produces many offspring with many unique traits, and the vegetation remains constant.
B. The reptile species produces few offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation remains constant.
C. The reptile species produces few offspring with no unique traits, and the vegetation changes quickly.
D. The reptile species produces many offspring with some unique traits, and the vegetation changes slowly.