1. Upheavals of China

2. The Chinese Republic
1912 – Sun Yixian steps down as president and Yuan Shikai replaces him
1915 – Japan put pressure on China. Japan presented Yuan Shikai with the Twenty-One Demands
Twenty-One Demands – List of demands which sought to make China a Japanese protectorate
1919 – Allies give Japan control over German possessions in China; May Fourth Movement
May Fourth Movement – movement lead by students who boycotted Japanese made products – Goal was to strengthen China – women played a key role in the movement – campaigned to end arranged marriages, foot binding, and the seclusion of women within the home

3. New Leadership and Japan Attacks
1925 – Sun Yixian died and Jiang Jieshi took over the Guomindang
Guomindang-Nationalist party that had established a government in south China and wanted to spread its governmental power
1927 – The Guomindang troops slaughtered Communist party members and workers who supported them
1931 – Japan invaded Manchuria in northeastern China

4. The Long March 1934 – The Long March 1937 – The Japanese attack China
Mao Zedong, leader of the Communist, retreated from the Guomindang, leader Jiang Jieshi. Daily fighting between Communists and Guomindang. Started with 100,000 Communist and ended with 20,000. Lasted for years. Attracted more followers to the Communist party because the Long March showed Communist heroism.
1937 – The Japanese attack China