1. Mitosis vs. Meiosis

2. How many Chromosomes are in each of your cells?
46 individual ones - (23 pairs)
Diploid Cells (2n)
A cell containing a full set of chromosomes; somatic or body cells
Haploid Cells (n)
A cell containing half a set of chromosomes; gametes or sex cells

3. Homologous Chromosomes – Paired chromosomes that have the same length and gene locations; one from mom and one from dad.

5. Mitosis
Meiosis
Occurs in body cells (diploid)
Occurs in a gamete-producing cell (diploid)
Undergoes 1 cell division
Undergoes 2 cell divisions
Forms 2 identical diploid cells
Forms 4 genetically different haploid cells (because of cross over)
Parent cell and daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes
Gametes have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Crossing over does not occur
Crossing over does occur

6. Genetic Variation
Crossing over in prophase I of meiosis also allows for greater genetic variation within a species.

7. Genetic Variation
How the chromosomes line up in metaphase I of meiosis is a random process that means every gamete created will be genetically different from the parent cell and from each other.

9. Genetic Variation
Genetic variation in a population is also created through random mating.

10. Why is genetic variation important?
Partner A: I think genetic variation is important because___________.
Partner B: Genetic variation is also important because _____________.

11. Fertilization is the process by which two haploid gametes, egg and sperm, combine to form a new diploid cell called a zygote.

14. Reproduction
Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent.
Sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces offspring that are genetically unique.
During sexual reproduction, two haploid gametes join in the process of fertilization to produce a diploid zygote.
Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes.