1. Cellular Respiration
Chapter 6

2. What you need to know!
The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate.
The process that brings pyruvate from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid cycle.
How the process of chemiosmosis utilizes the electrons from NADH and FADH2 to produce ATP.

3. Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Definition: getting chemical bond energy from glucose molecules
Redox reaction that:
Reduces O2 to H2O
Oxidizes glucose to CO2
Animal and plant cells
Location: cytoplasm and mitochondria
Utilizes NAD & FAD as electron carriers (energy)
Rx: 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6 CO2 + 6 H ATP

4. Anatomy of a Mitochondrion

5. 3 Stages of Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Oxidative Phosphorylation

6. ATP Yield Glycolysis = 2 ATP Citric Acid Cycle = 2 ATP (1 per cycle)
Yields 4 ATP
Costs 2 ATP
Citric Acid Cycle = 2 ATP (1 per cycle)
Oxidative Phosphorylation = 34 ATP
Total = ATP

7. The Big Picture

8. Biology Crash Course http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00jbG_cfGuQ
This video will function as an excellent review of the concepts

9. BIG IDEA
Glycolysis and citric acid cycle produce a small amount of ATP and (more importantly) molecules of NADH and FADH2 (carry electrons to the ETC).
Oxidative phosphorylation uses electrons from NADH and FADH2 for the ETC, which makes a ton of ATP

10. 1. Glycolysis Location: cytoplasm
Breaking down glucose into 2 pyruvate
Needs 2 ATP as activation energy
Subsequent enzyme Rx’s produce 4 ATP
Glucose is converted into 2 pyruvate with a net yield of 2ATP & 2 NADH
No O2 is needed

11. 1. Glycolysis

12. Preparatory Step in Mitochondria (directly before Citric Acid Cycle)
Both Pyruvic acids are turned into Acetyl CoA by
The attachment of CoA, releasing one carbon as CO2
Formation of 2 NADH

13. 2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Location: mitochondria
No oxygen required
2 cycles (one for each pyruvate)

14. 2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Each cycle produces:
Releasing 2 carbons as CO2
Production of 1 ATP
Production of 3 NADH
Production of 1 FADH2
Total Yield:
Do the math and write it down

15. 2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)

16. 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation
Location = mitochondria: intermembrane space, inner mitochondrial membrane, matrix
Oxygen needed
2 Parts:
Electron Transport Chain (ETC): row of interconnected membrane bound transport proteins & electron carriers
Accepts electrons from NADH & FADH2
Creates H+ gradient
Oxygen & H+ binds to electrons at the end to make water

17. 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation

18. 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation
Chemiosmosis: ATPsynthase imbedded in the membrane allows the flow of H+ into the cell
Produces 34 ATP
Provides the H+ to make water at the end of the ETC

19. Oxidative Phosphorylation

20. Oxidative Phosphorylation

21. The Big Picture