1. DNA Replication & Structure
Sara Safiullah

2. What is DNA?
Controls your traits

3. Structure? DNA is made up of nucleotides/bases.
A nucleotide is one ribose sugar and a phosphate.
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
2 strands winded together forming the double helix

4. Why do we have to replicate DNA?
Mitosis (cell divison)
New cells
Copy information
DNA replication occurs in the nucleus of cells

5. First step Proteins bind to the replication origin
DNA strand unwinds double helix leaving 2 single strands
Unzips

6. Step 2
Primer- short strands of nucleotides are synthesized by a polymerase enzymes called primase.
DNA Polymerase is sort of like an overseer
Reads DNA strand
Lays down correct nitrogenous bases
DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3’ hydroxyl group

7. Okazaki fragments
Okazaki fragments are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication. They are complementary to the lagging template strand, together they form short double-stranded DNA sections. 

8. Step 3 zip strand back up Helicase rewinds DNA helix
This process is referred to as semi conservative replication