1. THE GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME
THE PUNIC WARS
THE GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME

2. THE PUNIC WARS (264 – 146 BC) FIRST PUNIC WAR
Rome has now become the dominant power in Italy
Carthage is the most powerful city state in the Mediterranean
EAST
Greece
Macedonia
Egypt
Persia
WEST
Rome
Carthage

3. FIRST PUNIC WAR (264 – 241 BC)
265 – Carthage the wealthiest most technologically advanced city state going.
Relations with Rome had historically been friendly
MESSINIANS vs. SICILIANS in Sicily
Rome supports Messina
Carthage supports Sicily
Rome intervenes…
SOUND FAMILIAR? WHERE DID THIS HAPPEN BEFORE?

4. FIRST PUNIC WAR (264 – 241BC) ROME vs. CARTHAGE ROUND 1
PRIZE: Control of Sicily $$
ROME can’t compete with the superior naval fleet of Carthage
Spend 20 years building up its fleet to be able to take on Carthage
ROME wins a series of Battles and then attempts to invade Carthage and are whooped badly
241BC – Rome wins a decisive battle breaking the fleet of Carthage
SICILY BECOMES THE FIRST OVERSEAS PROVINCE OF ROME

5. THE SECOND PUNIC WAR (218-201BC)
In between the 2 wars Rome began expanding into Africa taking control of many city states
Carthage was able to move into Spain and start a new base of power there.
HAMILCAR BARCA – Great Carthaginian general makes his young son swear a blood-oath against Rome
That young son was HANNIBAL BARCA – ‘THE ANNIHLATOR’
218 BC – He took his forces from Spain across the Alps to invade Rome.

6. GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME: #1 Hannibal “THE GREAT”
HANNIBAL BARCA:
Infantry
Cavalry
40 War Elephants

7. 2nd PUNIC WAR – BATTLE OF ZAMA
HANNIBAL BARCA
Infantry
4000 Cavalry
80 War Elephants
SCIPIO AFRICANUS
Infantry
9000 Cavalry
VS.

8. BATTLE OF ZAMA Hannibal’s Elephants charge the Romans
Scipio has his troops blow loud horns to scare the Elephants, they turn and charge the Carthaginian left flank

9. BATTLE OF ZAMA
The remaining elephants are let through the ‘lanes’ created by the Romans and killed
On the wings the Roman Cavalry gets the best of the Carthaginian Cavalry

10. BATTLE OF ZAMA
The infantry engages and Hannibal's first two lines are broken.

11. BATTLE OF ZAMA Rearrange into a line and fight it out
The cavalry attacks Hannibal from behind
HANNIBAL is DEFEATED

12. LEGACY OF HANNIBAL
The Romans demand his surrender but he exiles himself and goes to Greece & Asia Minor – eventually commits suicide with a note saying at least he deprived the Romans of the opportunity do it.
TAUGHT THE ROMANS FEAR
“BOOGEY MAN”

13. THIRD PUNIC WAR ( BC)
CARTHAGE was weakened severely after the second war, but even in their weakened state the Senate was convinced that they would be a threat to ROME
ROME invades Carthage.
Carthage withstands the siege for 2 years
Eventually Scipio the Younger breaks through the walls and there is 7 days of blood shed until Carthage surrenders
The 700 year old city is burned and destroyed, citizens are sold into slavery

14. FURTHER EXPANSION
THE PUNIC WARS
1 – Wins Rome Sicily
2 – Destroys Carthaginian army def. Hannibal
3 – Wins Rome North Africa & Spain
146 BC
ROME def. King Phillip V of Macedon in Macedonian Wars
At the conclusion of the Punic Wars Rome pretty much controls the whole Mediterranean