1. Kinetic Potential Heat or thermal
Types of Energy
Kinetic
Potential
Heat or thermal

2. Potential and Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Energy that is stored
Energy of position
Kinetic
Energy of motion
An increase in kinetic energy will increase particle movement
Temperature is a measure of an object’s average kinetic energy

3. Heat or Thermal Energy
Thermal Energy or Heat is the sum of all the kinetic energy of a material’s particles
Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed…
So energy is Transformed

4. Describe the difference between kinetic and potential energy
What is the law of conservation of energy?

5. Three Methods of Heat Transfer
Conduction
Radiation
Convection

6. Conduction
What is Conduction?
Conduction in Action
Transfer of heat through direct contact of particles of matter
Heat always flows from hot object to cooler object until the temperatures are equal (equilibrium)

7. Insulators and Conductors
Thermal Insulators
Do not transfer heat well
Used for items where heat is to be retained
Examples include:
Styrofoam
Wood
Rubber
Plastic
Thermal Conductors
Transfer heat very well
Used when it is necessary to move heat from one place to another
Examples include:
Most metals including copper and aluminum

8. 1. What are the 3 different ways that heat energy can be transferred?

9. Radiation The transfer of thermal energy when objects are not touching
What is Radiation
Radiation in Action
The transfer of thermal energy when objects are not touching
Energy of the sun is radiated by electromagnetic waves
Light bulbs are another example of radiant energy

10. Convection Transfer of thermal energy through liquids and air
Convection Current
Transfer of thermal energy through liquids and air
Density of material changes with heating and cooling which creates circular current
Cool with increased density
Sinking due to increased density when cool
Hot at heat source
Rising due to decreased density when warm

11. Examples of Convection Currents:
In Water:
In Air:

12. Convection and Earth’s Layers
Convection and Continental Drift
Convection in the Mantle
Convection currents below the surface, cause a rise and fall of magma.
It is the widely held theory that these currents cause plate movement.

13. When heat transfers through direct contact, it is transferred by….
When heat is transferred through liquids in a circular motion, it is transferred by….

14. Energy and Movement of the Crust
As we have seen, energy causes change
Change leads to movement of Earth’s surface
Movement leads to stresses at the surface

15. Types of Stress Compression is when two surfaces collide “head on”
Tension
Compression is when two surfaces collide “head on”
This leads to folding and crumpling of the crust
This is when two surfaces move away from each other
This leads to breaks or cracks in the crust

16. Shearing
Shearing is when two surfaces slide past each other, moving in opposite directions.
The San Andreas Fault line is a famous example of shearing forces.
This leads to “scars” on the landscape

17. San Andreas Fault

18. Folded Mountain Compression Stress

19. Folded Mountain

20. Faulting Tensile Stress/Pulling Apart

21. Magma and Rock Magma is the parent material for all rock
Rock is: a hard surface composed of minerals and found in the crust.
Rock is categorized by Geologists into 3 categories
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Granite

22. Metamorphic Rock
Quartzite

23. Sedimentary Rock
Sandstone