1. The Holocaust: Jewish Resistance & The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Carlos Rios
2-5-18
IB HOTA
Period: 6-7

2. Background:
More than 4,000 Jews were confined to a small area. (September 1939)
Area was established as a ghetto and is significant.
Nazis sealed off this area, isolating jews (November 1940)
Brick walls, Barbed Wires, and Armed guards surrounded the area.
Nazis controlled everything, including food that was brought into the area
Jews had no independence, and were treated horribly
Disease and Starvation killed many jews

3. Information on Ghettos:
Established in Nazi-occupied cities throughout Eastern Europe.
Nazis use this term to describe their inhumane creation (¨The Compulsory Jewish Quarter¨)
Most established in poor sections of cities
Ghettos contained numerous jews + poor living conditions
The Warsaw Ghetto= The largest Ghetto + Famously known in history

4. The Great Deportation:
Heinrich Himmler ordered ¨resettlement¨ of jews in camps (July 1942)
Germans Begin deportation from Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka (July 22, 1942)
Jews were Compacted into sealed freight trains at the Umschlagplatz (Collection Point)
Germans deceived Jews, and promised many things
Germans rounded up residents from ghettos
More than 265,000 people were deported to Treblinka
Between 55,000-60,000 Jews remained in the ghetto

5. Warsaw Ghetto after The Great Deportation:
Life got worse for residents :(
Word that Deportation= death, got back to residents
Jews Realized: NO Germans would keep their promises
Jews disobeyed German authorities
Solutions were thought about: Hiding, Escaping, and Armed Resistance
Most jews stayed in ghetto, due to problematic circumstances

6. Resistance Organizations Form:
Formation of Jewish Fighting Organization: Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa (ZOB) (July 28th, 1942)
Jewish Youth Organizations formed ZOB
Key Thing: Get Jews to RESIST Deportation
The ZOB began to expand (September 12th, 1942)
After contact with Polish Resistance Forces, Mordecai Anielewicz was appointed commander of ZOB (November 1942)

7. Resistance Organizations Form (Continued):
Another resistance movement formed, during establishment of ZOB (The Jewish Military Union)
Commanded by Pawel Frenkel, it was known as the ZZW (Żydowski Związek Wojskowy)
Both Organizations were highly active in the Ghetto
Organizations began Retaliation Operations against Jews that cooperated with Germans.
They provided clarity to remaining population of ghetto
They emphasized and encouraged people to prepare for armed uprising

8. The First Armed Resistance in the Ghetto:
German Military and Auxiliary Units Entered Ghetto (January 18th, 1943)
Residents refused to report to transfer station
Germans soldiers tried to take jews with no papers, but resorted to random selection because of complications.
An armed group of fighters from ZOB were captured + were being taken to transfer station.
The group dispersed among crowd & attack German soldiers
In Battle: Germans suffered casualties/injuries & and killed the armed group.

9. The First Armed Resistance in the Ghetto (Continued):
Another group of ZOB Members ambushed German soldiers
This day marked the first time German Soldiers had ever endured physical harm from jewish resistance (January 18th, 1943)
By January 22nd, only 5,000 jews had been rounded up
As a result of these events, Jewish Resistance Organizations increased efforts to bring an armed uprising
Remaining population dug underground shelters