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Interest Groups Chapter 11 Rixie.

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Presentation on theme: "Interest Groups Chapter 11 Rixie."— Presentation transcript:

1 Interest Groups Chapter 11 Rixie

2 Interest Groups represent bodies of people with shared interests attempting to influence policy What amendment protects this right to organize?

3 How are they different from political parties?
IG’s don’t run candidates Parties are “policy generalists” IG’s are “policy experts”

4

5 What are the major arguments of Critics & Supporters of Interest Groups?
Role and Reputation

6 Review the 3 Contemporary Theories of Modern Democracy
Pluralist Theory Hyper-pluralist Theory Elite theory

7 Iron triangles or issue networks?
Who are the three key decision makers in an iron triangle? (your book also calls them subgovernments) Interest group Government/Bureaucratic agency Congressional committee or subcommittee Issue network: not as strong or as permanent as a subgovernment and not as concerned about material interests

8 What makes a group successful?
Size Small groups have organizational advantages Intensity how passionate are members? Financial resources Mobilization, ads, research, admin costs & legal fees

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10 Single-issue group Groups that have a narrow interest
Tend to dislike compromise Ex: some pro-life groups

11 Who’s in the group? Actual Group “Potential” Group
Anyone who participates to achieve policy goals May Have a formal membership – “card carrying member” “Potential” Group People who share the common interest Anyone who receives benefits from legislative goals

12 Benefits & Costs of IG’s
Collective good: Something of value that is not exclusive to actual group members Free-rider Problem: When potential group Members get benefits that actual group Members work towards Possible solution: Selective benefits (like discounts for group members)

13 How can groups shape policy?
Lobbying Electioneering Litigation Going Public

14 “Thank You For Smoking” Trailer

15 Lobbying Lobbyists – “political persuaders” Who do they work for?
The politician (as a political expert) The interest group (as a policy negotiator) Politicians & Lobbyists – mutually beneficial relationship

16 Electioneering IG’s endorse a candidate who supports their interests and work to get that candidate elected How? Money!! Help finance campaigns PAC (Political Action Committees) Especially for Congressional candidates

17 Litigation Use of lawsuits to change existing policies/laws
Amicus curiae briefs: Legal briefs submitted by a “friend of the court” to present additional info Attempt to influence a court’s decision Class Action Suit A few sue on behalf of many

18 Going Public IG’s try to influence the public because they know that politicians’ careers’ depend on public opinion cultivate positive image encourage public participation to advance their interests from the point of view of the constituency

19 Types of Interest Groups
Economic Environmental Equality Consumers and Public Interest

20 Economic Interests Labor Interests Business Interests Union Shop
Requires all employees of a business to join the union “Right-to-work laws” forbid requirements that workers must join a union to hold jobs Taft-Hartley Act 1947 allowed these laws Business Interests Looking out for profits

21 Environmental Interests
Favor wilderness protection, pollution control, energy alternatives Oppose policies that damage the environment Examples: Sierra Club World Wildlife Fund

22 Equality Interests Civil rights, women’s Rights, LGBTQ Rights, social welfare, etc. Concerns center around fair treatment in jobs, housing, and education Examples: NAACP NOW ACLU

23 Consumer and Public Interest Lobbies
Organizations that seek a collective good The good won’t only benefit the members/activities of the group Product safety (think airbags) Fair and open government

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