1. Systems

2. This course is called Environmental Systems and Societies and not just Environmental Science.
We are going to investigate the world looking at complex sets of components that function together and form integrated units.

3. A system is defined as:
An assemblage of parts and their relationship forming a functioning entirety or whole

4. A system can be small to very large.

5. Component of system Shown as Storages (stores of matter or energy)
boxes
Flows (into and out of system)
arrows
Inputs
Arrows into the system
Outputs
Arrows out of the system
Processes (transfer or transform energy or matter from one storage to another)
Labels such as respiration, consumption, or photosynthesis.

7. 1.1.3 Define the terms open system, closed system, and isolated system
An open system exchanges matter and energy with its surroundings
A closed system exchanges energy but not matter.
An isolated system exchanges neither matter nor energy.

17. Earth
Open or
Closed
System?

18. NASA has been thinking of ways to get us to live on Mars.
How could we design away to test if we can sustain life on Mars?

19. Biosphere 2

20. Biosphere 2
What do you know about this?

23. Read page 22 take notes on your paper
What is Biosphere 2 and could it sustain life?

24. https://www. ted. com/talks/jane_poynter_life_in_biosphere_2

25. Based on what you read and saw in the Ted Talk video, should we send people to Mars?
Just so you know they have already decided to do this and the people have been chosen. What do you think?

26. Human Settlement on Mars Mars One is a not for profit foundation with the goal of establishing a permanent human settlement on Mars. To prepare for this settlement the first unmanned mission is scheduled to depart in Crews will depart for their one-way journey to Mars starting in 2026; subsequent crews will depart every 26 months after the initial crew has left for Mars. Mars One is a global initiative aiming to make this everyone's mission to Mars, including yours. Join Mars One’s efforts to enable the next giant leap for mankind. - See more at:

29. Apply the systems concept on a range of scales
Systems can be considered on a range of scales, from small to large
Very small scale
Small scale
local
Large
(a biome)
Global
(Gaia)
The Pacific Ocean
A drop of water
The Earth
A single pond

30. Apply the systems concept on a range of scales
The Gaia Hypothesis
The Earth can be regarded as a
single functioning system
All living organisms and the non-living environments are closely integrated
One system that is self-regulating and maintains the conditions for life on Earth
Scientists observe how the living components affect stability of: Earth’s temperature, ocean salinity, oxygen content of air

31. Apply the systems concept on a range of scales
Another example of systems in a range of scales:
Local Ecosystem: Sierra National Forest
Biome: Temperate Forest
Global: Gaia (Earth)

36. Apply the systems concept on a range of scales
A system diagram of a single organism:
Consider all inputs and outputs
The organism is the storage

37. Apply the systems concept on a range of scales
An individual fish in a pond ecosystem
carbon dioxide
water
water
oxygen
Fish biomass
waste
nutrients from food
biomass to next trophic level
(eaten by predators)
biomass to decomposers
(fish dies and decomposes)

38. Apply the systems concept on a range of scales
With your group, draw a system model for a single tree.
Remember a storage is a box and not a picture of a tree
Consider all inputs and outputs
Check your diagram! (5:05)
Add, erase, or change your diagram where necessary.
Tree Biomass

40. A system and it’s components
Consider the system below.
If you isolated each component, the system would break down.
It is a system because of the interactions between the components.

42. A mail system:
Construct a model illustrating a mail system.

43. Is our mail system an open, closed, or isolated system?
Provide proof of your answer.
Is matter and energy being exchanged? What is matter and energy in this system?