1. Comprehensive Electrification
&
Alternative fuels
Rajendra Petkar
President & CTO, TATA Motors Limited
MOVE: A Global Mobility Summit, 7th September 2018, Delhi

2. Electrification and Improved ICE will co-exist for long time
Independent Estimates (Global EV Penetration)
Yr 2020
Yr 2025
Yr 2030
McKinsey 4%
11 – 17%
22 – 32%
Moody's 2%
7 – 8%
17 – 19%
Bloomberg 3% 8%
24%
Bernstein
< 5%
10%
30%
Govt of India Vision – Electric Cars (for India) NA
40%
Govt of India Vision – Buses (Urban Transportation in India)
100%
Source: McKinsey, Moody's, Bloomberg, Bernstein, Niti Ayog Analysis

3. Technology Axis Towards Sustainability – A Complex Picture
OEMs continue to invest in these technologies
Fossil fuels
Renewable/ Sustainable fuels
Liquid
Gaseous
Battery Electric
Hydrogen (Fuel Cell)
DME
Sustainable Fuel
Methanol
Hydro-electric/Wind/Tidal/Solar
Ethanol
Technology
Bio-CNG
Conventional Fuel
Biodiesel
Bifuel/Dual fuel
Electrical Mobility – Parallel existence
CNG & LPG
Diesel / Gasoline
Towards carbon free fuel
<10
<50
Hybrids
350
Sulphur in fuel, ppm
2500
5000
10000

4. Assessment of Regulated Pollutants for Various Fuels
Every fuel coupled with its own engine technology has its own emission profile
Alternate fuels are characterized by low CO2 and PM emissions
Fuel
NOx CO
CO2 HC PM
Gasoline
Base
n/a
Diesel ↑↑
↓↓↓↓
↓↓↓ ↓↓
LPG
Same as base ↓ ≈0
Natural gas
Methanol
Ethanol (100%)
Biodiesel
↑↑↑
Hydrogen
DME
Very low
Source: “Automotive fuels for the future” by International Energy Agency

5. Need to build a scale for widespread Alternate Fuel availability
Niche status poses challenge for investment by OEMs
CNG, Bio-CNG and LNG
Will continue to play a significant role
Vehicles complying with BS6 norms will be available from April 2020
Current CNG vehicle penetration is less than 2% due to slow growth in CNG infrastructure. Need to build growth momentum
Ethanol and Bio-diesel
10% blending for ethanol was mandated in 2013, but nation wide achievement is 2.3%.
7% blend for biofuels is acceptable for new diesel engines Nation wide achievement is 0.001% so far.
Availability and infrastructure pan India has been key challenge
Methanol & DME
Experimental stage

6. Significant Investments in Electric Mobility
Tigor EV : EESL Order
Tiago EV
EVision Concept EV
Iris EV
Magic EV
9M EV : Govt order, 6 Cities
Diesel Hybrid Bus : MMRDA Order
12m Urban Electric Bus
Zero Emission, India’s 1st Fuel Cell Bus

7. Affordability – A key to success
Summary and Recommendations
ICE with liquid fuels – Need to focus on continuous improvements
Gaseous Fuels – To co-exist. Success depends on widespread availability
Renewable Fuels – Niche and needs a clear road map for OEMs to commit investment
Hybrids – CAFÉ norms will force their introduction, beside market pressure. No separate incentivisation needed
BEVs – Need to ride on EV wave. Incentives, localisation, demand creation, charging infra and eco-system will be important. FAME 2 will play a crucial role
Fuel cell EVs – Will make sense in certain segments of vehicles, and is a path to Hydrogen economy
Affordability – A key to success

8. Thank You