1. The Respiratory System

2. Why Breathe?

3. The Respiratory System
Is responsible for providing oxygen to the cells of the body and for removing the carbon dioxide that has been produced as your body uses energy for growth, repair and movement

4. Diagram nose Pharynx (throat) Cilia on epithelial tissue
(cleans air)
Trachea (supported by cartilage)
bronchi
capillaries
lung
alveoli
bronchiole

5. Nose and Mouth

6. Pharynx (Throat)

7. Larynx (voice box)

8. Trachea (windpipe)

9. Trachea – With Epithelial cells Epithelial cells produce mucus and have cilia cilia moves mucus and filters out any foreign material that enters the system)
Goblet cells secrete mucus

10. Lungs

11. Bronchi &Bronchioles The Bronchi deliver air to the lungs

12. Alveoli (& Capillaries)

13. Gas Exchange
Each Bronchiole branch ends in tiny air sacs called alveoli surrounded by capillaries allowing for oxygen to diffuse into the blood and carbon dioxide to diffuse into the alveolus.
The concentration of oxygen in the blood that flows through the lungs is always less than the concentration of oxygen in the air in the alveoli.
Why?
Oxygen will diffuse from an area of high concentration (in the alveoli) to an area on low concentration (in the blood).

14. Breathing
Moving air into (inhalation) and out of (exhalation) the lungs
Muscles between the ribs help expand and contract the rib cage
The diaphragm (large sheet of muscle below the lungs) also expands and contracts to increase/decrease lung volume.
As the lung volume changes the pressure inside the lungs changes allowing oxygen to move into the alveoli.

15. Inhalation Volume of the lungs increases Rib cage expands
Diaphragm flattens
In the alveoli there is now a higher level of oxygen compared to that of the blood therefore allowing oxygen to diffuse into of the capillaries which is lower in oxygen.

16. Exhalation The volume of the lungs decreases
The muscles relax and the diaphragm becomes dome shaped decreasing the volume of the lungs therefore pushing air out.

18. Can we control breathing?
Yes but eventually Involuntary
The brain detects the level of oxygen in the blood
As the carbon dioxide levels increase the brain sends signals to the diaphragm, the muscles between the ribs, and the heart causing the breath rate to increase and the heart to beat faster
(a double effect to decrease carbon dioxide concentration in the blood and increase oxygen

19. Remember the respiratory system relies on the circulatory system to deliver oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide
Lungs (air containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases
Circulatory System
Tissues (cells requiring oxygen and producing carbon dioxide)

20. Videos

21. Homework Take notes on diseases of the respiratory system p. 94
Answer questions #1,2,3,4,6