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Chapter 4 Society and the environment are affected by space exploration and the development of space technologies. RICK DOUGLAS HUSBAND, NASA ASTRONAUT.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 4 Society and the environment are affected by space exploration and the development of space technologies. RICK DOUGLAS HUSBAND, NASA ASTRONAUT."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 4 Society and the environment are affected by space exploration and the development of space technologies. RICK DOUGLAS HUSBAND, NASA ASTRONAUT Born in 1957, Commander Husband died on February 1, 2003 when the Space Shuttle Columbia and its crew were killed during re-entry. He is survived by his wife and two children. He enjoyed singing, water and snow skiing, cycling, and spending time with his family.

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3 Space Junk Another legacy of human presence is space junk
This refers to all the pieces of debris that have fallen off rockets, satellites, space shuttles and space stations, and remain floating in space They can include things as small as flecks of paint to bolts and even as large as dead satellites. It has the potential to stay in Earth’s orbit for thousands of years

4 Space Junk Almost 20,000 pieces of space debris are currently orbiting the Earth. This visualization, created by Dr. Stuart Grey, from the Space Geodesy and Navigation Laboratory, shows how the amount of space debris increased from 1957 to 2015, using data on the precise location of each piece of junk

5 4.1 Risks & Dangers of Exploration
In Space • Explosions and Death • Becoming Stranded • Physical or Mental Illness • Collisions (including space junk) On Earth • Meteorite-style debris (re-entry of space junk) • Pollution • Financial and Social Costs

6 Space Exploration Disasters
1957-present October are killed when a Soviet R-16 rocket explodes at the Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan. January Three U.S. astronauts die in a fire aboard Apollo 1 during simulated launch at Cape Canaveral. April Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov is the first man to die in a space mission when a parachute on his spaceship fails on re-entry and the ship crashes. June Three Soviet cosmonauts die during re-entry after 24 days in an orbiting space lab. March 18, 1980 – Fifty technicians die at Russia's Plesetsk Cosmodrome when a Vostok booster explodes during fueling. January 28, Seven U.S. astronauts die aboard the Challenger space shuttle after lift-off from Cape Canaveral.

7 April 18, A Titan missile believed to be carrying a military satellite explodes shortly after launch from Vandenberg Air ForceBase in California. May 3, A Delta rocket carrying a $57 million weather satellite explodes shortly after lift-off from Cape Canaveral. February 22, Western Europe's 36th Ariane rocket, carrying two Japanese satellites, explodes less than two minutes after lift-off from Kourou, French Guiana. September 7, Part of a U.S. Titan rocket falls from a crane and explodes at Edwards Air Force, killing at least one person. June 18, A 15-meter Prospector rocket carrying ten science experiments for the U.S. space agency and several universities is destroyed after veering off course following launch from Cape Canaveral. August 2, A Titan 4 rocket believed to be carrying an expensive military spy satellite explodes after lift-off from Vandenberg Air Force Base.

8 December 1, Western Europe's 70th Ariane rocket crashes into the Atlantic with the $150 million PanAmsat-3 telecoms satellite after launch from Kourou, French Guiana. January 26, The Chinese-designed Long March 2E rocket carrying a telecommunications satellite explodes after blast-off from Xichang in Sichuan province. October 23, An unmanned Conestoga rocket whose satellite contains 14 scientific experiments explodes 45 seconds after blast-off from a NASA facility in Virginia. February 15, A rocket carrying an Intelsat 708 communications satellite explodes soon after take-off from China's launch site in Xichang. May 20, A Soyuz-U booster rocket carrying reconnaissance satellites explodes 49 seconds after lift-off from Russia's Baikonur Cosmodrome.

9 June 4, Europe's Ariane-5 rocket explodes in its maiden flight after blasting off from the European Space Agency launch center in Kourou, French Guiana June 20, A Soyuz-U rocket carrying reconnaissance satellites explodes after lift-off at Plesetsk Cosmodrome. May 20, A Russian Zenit-2 booster rocket carrying a Cosmos military satellite explodes 48 seconds after launch. August 12, The U.S. Titan rocket program is put on hold when a Titan 4A explodes after lift-off in one of history's most expensive space disasters. Cost of the rocket and its spy satellite cargo was over $1 billion. August 27, A Delta 3 rocket carrying a U.S. communications satellite bursts into a $225 million fireball soon after blast-off from Cape Canaveral. September 10, Computer malfunction brings down a Ukrainian rocket with 12 commercial satellites minutes after launch at Baikonur.

10 July 5, A Russian Proton-K heavy booster launched from Baikonur malfunctions - the engine and parts of the booster detach and crash to Earth. A 200-kg chunk falls into the courtyard of a private home. Kazakhstan briefly closes Baikonur in disagreement with Russia over clean-up costs and rent for the base. September 23, NASA's $125 million Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft breaks up as it enters the Martian atmosphere due to confusion among its constructors between metric and non-metric measuring units. October 28, A Russian Proton rocket carrying a communications satellite crashes shortly after take-off from Baikonur. December 3, NASA's Mars Polar Lander loses contact with Earth after reaching the Red Planet. The $165 million mission is a write-off.

11 August 15, NASA's $159 million Contour space probe, launched on July 3 and designed to chase comets, breaks up on leaving Earth's atmosphere. December 11, An upgraded European Space Agency Ariane-5 rocket explodes soon after blast-off from Kourou, French Guiana, sending two satellites worth about $600 million into the Atlantic Ocean. February 1, The space shuttle Columbia, carrying 7 astronauts, breaks up over Texas on re-entering the atmosphere.

12 Check & Reflect p. 459 (1-7)

13 4.2 Canadian Contributions
• Canada has had great involvement in the development of technology for space exploration. The most famous being the invention of the Canadian Arm.

14 4.2 Canadian Contributions
• Aurora borealis linked to sunspot activity (1839) • Discovery of Pluto in 1930 • Alouette 1 (1962) and Anik 1 (1972) satellites • Apollo 11 landing gear • Canada-France-Hawaii Observatory, Hawaii • Canadarm (since 1981) and Canadarm 2 (which has a grapple fixture on both ends allowing it to move end-over-end along the space station) • Astronauts on space shuttle missions • Contributions to Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner • Canadian Space Agency

15 The aurora borealis, or northern lights, is caused by the interaction of solar storms with Earth’s magnetic North pole and the atmosphere.

16 Check & Reflect p. 463 (1-6)

17 The Pros and Cons of Space Exploration
4.3 Other Issues The Pros and Cons of Space Exploration Pros Cons • promotes new technology • financially costly • discovery of new resources • pollution of space • increased scientific • ownership knowledge disputes Is human exploration and colonization of space worth the time and effort given existing problems here on Earth?

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19 Mission to Mars Factors to Consider:
Duration of Mission: 22 months (possibly years) Environment: 900 km/h dust storms lasting weeks Communication: 8-minute transmission time to Earth

20 The Martian Surface was first photographed by the Viking Mars Lander in 1976
Olympus Mons is the largest mountain in the Solar System at 24 km above the surrounding plain. Its base is more than 500km in diameter.

21 Valles Marineris canyons
• 3000 km long • up to 8 km deep • ancient river valleys

22 The three shield volcanoes of Tharsis Montes, with Olympus Mons visible in the upper left corner.

23 The Mars Northern polar ice cap as recorded by Mars Global Surveyor in 1998.

24 Value of Space’s Resources
There are many resources in Space that could benefit us Resources such as minerals of gold, iron, platinum and solar energy Cost of space travel could be cheaper using these resources (ie: Moon rock and hydrogen/oxygen)

25 Space Resources An example of this would be our Moon, there is an abundant supply of hydrogen and oxygen that can be processed from moon rock. The hydrogen could be used as fuel for lunar bases and space travel. The oxygen could be used for life support. If you combine these two, you will have a readily available supply of water.

26 Check & Reflect p. 468 (1-9) Unit Exam Time!


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