1. Debating
Some basics

2. the basic block of a DEBATE
An argument
is an idea or statement
which we want the others to believe
which we want to prove to be right or better than some other argument
the basic block of a DEBATE

3. An assertation is a statement that states a fact
without giving reasons or evidence why we should accept the fact.
for example:
The internet is dangerous.
Is it? How can you prove this?

4. The A-R-E components Basically, each argument is composed of Assertion
Reasoning
Evidence
Examples on the following slides

5. Assertation
The internet is dangerous.

6. Reasoning
The internet is dangerous because it is easy to spread criminal ideas over it.

7. Evidence
The internet is dangerous because it is easy to spread criminal ideas using it.
The high figures of viewing any video with evil intent on YouTube strongly point to this effect.

8. Debate A debate emerges when an argument is supported and opposed.
A formal debate has a team in support of the argument + a team against the argument.

9. Motion In a formal debate the assertation is called a motion.
Formulated like this, for example:
This house believes that people benefit from the use of the Internet.

10. Definition
The motion needs to be defined to make sure the debaters have interpreted the motion in the same way.
Example:
This house believes that people benefit from the use of the Internet.
Team for the motion: we understand benefit here to be positive effects to individuals, like learning.

11. Rebuttal
If argument is the basic block of a debate, rebuttal is the goal of it.
Rebuttal means
finding fault in the opponent’s argumentation
and disagreeing with it

12. Rebuttal 2
Example:
You say the Internet is beneficial. I disagree. In my opinion the internet is a bad influence on any user.
MERE REBUTTAL

13. Developing the rebuttal
In my opinion the internet is a bad influence on any user because it contains so much harmful material.
REASONING

14. Developing the rebuttal 2
In my opinion the internet is a bad influence on any user because it contains so much harmful material. This harmful material can be advertising, criminal material or any kind of crazy material.
EVIDENCE

15. Example of a rebutting speech
Why is advertising harmful? Ladies and gentlemen, are you happy with the pop-ups on a web-page? Of course not. They are annoying. But let me convince you that they are also harmful. They are harmful because they affect us unconsciously and make us want things we don’t need. In brief, they create consumerism.
Strategies:
DIRECT QUESTIONS TO THE AUDIENCE
REPETITION

16. Example of a rebutting speech 2
My second point is that the internet is harmful because of criminal material. In fact, the word harmful is too weak here. We should be talking about danger, not harm. The existence of anarchistic plans to overturn democratic governments, the existence of bomb recipes, the existence of terrorist networks all prove my point conclusively.
ORDER
REPETITION
FORCEFUL

17. Example of a rebutting speech 3
My third point is that the the internet is harmful because of any kind of crazy material. What do I mean by crazy material? I mean all the bizarre, mad, lunatic content that any wacko can post in the internet. I talk about pornography, about racist pages, about videos made in bad taste.
ORDER
RHETORICAL QUESTION
SYNONYMS
EXAMPLES

18. Example of a rebutting speech 4
Ladies and gentlemen, I repeat that the internet is harmful because of advertising, criminal content and any crazy material. All this is a result of the open character of the net. What I’m saying is that the net is unconcontrolled and uncontrollable. The world is full of people who wish to spread evil. The internet has made it all too easy for them.
RECAPITULATING
DEVELOPING THE ARGUMENT

19. Example of a rebutting speech 5
The team for the motion has argued for the beneficial effects of the internet but their case is weak when compared to the evidence to the opposite I have put before you. Thank you.
REBUTTAL
STRONG CONCLUDING REMARK

20. Winning a debate
The logic of the argumentation, the use of language, rapport with the audience, the whole performance determine the outcome
To sum up:
the team that is more convincing wins