1. Promotion of Higher Education, Science & Technology and International Cooperation in Pakistan Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS

2. Key Challenges in Higher Education Quality Standards of Education, Faculty & Research Access Enrollment in higher education Relevance Addressing the needs for Socio- Economic Development of Pakistan

3. Pakistan---An Exciting Beginning !! My appointment as Federal Minister of Science & Technology(incl.IT/Telecom) ( March 2000) and Federal Minister- Chairman Higher Education Commission (2002-2008) My appointment as Federal Minister of Science & Technology(incl.IT/Telecom) ( March 2000) and Federal Minister- Chairman Higher Education Commission (2002-2008) 6000% increase in budget of S&T 6000% increase in budget of S&T 3500% increase in budget of higher education 3500% increase in budget of higher education Chancellors Committee (cutting through bureaucratic red tapes) Chancellors Committee (cutting through bureaucratic red tapes)

4. Challenge: How do we attract our brightest to Education/Research ? Pakistan has 100 million below age 20 (54% of population) ! Both a Challenge and an Opportunity Both a Challenge and an Opportunity It is the brightest among them who must provide the leadership in all fields--- education, S&T, Government It is the brightest among them who must provide the leadership in all fields--- education, S&T, Government HOW ??

5. 1)about the wonders of science ! 1) Excite young minds about the wonders of science ! 2) 2) Select and train the Brightest in top universities abroad 3) -- by creating an enabling environment : 3) Attract them back--- by creating an enabling environment : Salaries Research Funding Access to Literature Access to Instrumentation Critical Masscreate clusters !

6. Attracting the Brightest ! Change in Salary Structures/Benefits Under new Tenure Track system salaries of Professors raised to over US $ 5,000 per month (equal to US$ 6,500 per month after tax concessions)---several times more than Federal Ministers in Government ! Performance based system Performance based system 75% Tax waiver for University Teachers (maximum 5%)

7. Faculty Development Foreign PhD Scholarships Foreign PhD Scholarships Local PhD Scholarships Local PhD Scholarships Other Programs Other Programs Foreign Faculty Hiring Program Foreign Faculty Hiring Program Post-Doc Scholarships Post-Doc Scholarships Industrial Masters Scholarships Industrial Masters Scholarships Learning Innovation Learning Innovation

8. Reversing the Brain Drain ! Under over 600 eminent scientists and educationists have been attracted back--- after living most of their lives in the West Under Foreign Faculty Hiring Program over 600 eminent scientists and educationists have been attracted back--- after living most of their lives in the West ---45 mathematicians, mostly from Europe, all clustered in one institution---Govt. College/Univ., Lahore Clustering---45 mathematicians, mostly from Europe, all clustered in one institution---Govt. College/Univ., Lahore

9. Training the Brightest! Massive Foreign scholarship programs Nearly 11,000 awarded to date (PhD, post- doctoral, split PhD etc, mostly for Europe) Nearly 11,000 awarded to date (PhD, post- doctoral, split PhD etc, mostly for Europe) Worlds largest Fulbright Scholarship program for the US Worlds largest Fulbright Scholarship program for the US Special scholarships for worlds top 50 universities Special scholarships for worlds top 50 universities About US$ 1 Billion being spent on Foreign Scholarships (1500 in IT) Indigenous PhD programs Over 15,000 awarded Strict quality criteria for PhD Studies introduced; plagiarism checked Over 15,000 awarded Strict quality criteria for PhD Studies introduced; plagiarism checked

10. Training the Brightest! Massive program launched for all local PhD.s Massive postdoctoral training program launched for all local PhD.s ALL local PhD students given opportunities to study abroad on ALL local PhD students given opportunities to study abroad on sandwich PhD programs established with top Western Institutions --- 50 with British Universities, many others Linkages established with top Western Institutions --- 50 with British Universities, many others

11. Local (Need Based) Scholarships US Funded 2000 Japanese Funded 2500 GOP Funded 3000 Son of Hari Daughter of Shopkeeper Financial Analyst

12. 12 Distribution of Approved Project Cost

13. A Focus on Quality Assurance Four year undergraduate program Four year undergraduate program Standardisation of Degree Programmes Standardisation of Degree Programmes Quality Assurance Structure Quality Assurance Structure Min. Eligibility Criteria for Appointments of Faculty and M.Phil/PhD Degrees Min. Eligibility Criteria for Appointments of Faculty and M.Phil/PhD Degrees 13

14. Monitoring of Private Universities / DAIs Category Position after first inspection (2004) Position after 2 nd inspection (2008) Present PositionImprovement from First inspection Category W111247 36 Category X183208-10 Category Y110901-10 Category Z130403-10 Total535759 14

15. Grants & Scholarships for Private Sector Universities Matching Grants for Not-for-Profit Private Sector Universities Matching Grants for Not-for-Profit Private Sector Universities Govt. Scholarships to Meritorious Students for Study in Private Sector Universities Govt. Scholarships to Meritorious Students for Study in Private Sector Universities Closure of sub-standard private sector institutions Closure of sub-standard private sector institutions

16. Relevance to National Economy & Regional Needs Date Palm Research Centre at Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Date Palm Research Centre at Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Advance Manufacturing Engineering at UET Lahore Advance Manufacturing Engineering at UET Lahore Earthquake Engineering Centre, UET Peshawar & NED, Karachi Earthquake Engineering Centre, UET Peshawar & NED, Karachi Gemstone Training Centre at UET Peshawar Gemstone Training Centre at UET Peshawar Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi Institute for Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi Lab for Nuclear Physics, QAU, Islamabad Lab for Nuclear Physics, QAU, Islamabad National Institute of Vacuum Sci, QAU, Islamabad National Institute of Vacuum Sci, QAU, Islamabad Product Development Centre at NED Product Development Centre at NED

17. Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam Juice Treatment Plant Beverage Unit Drying and Dehydration Laboratory Food Analysis Laboratory Food Microbiology Laboratory Cereal Technology Laboratory Institute of Food Sciences & Technology

18. Date Palm Research Institute Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Institute Established in 2004

19. Using Technology to Leap-Frog! Pakistan Educational Research Network Digital Library Program PAKSAT 1 (Pakistans Educational Satellite) Pakistans International Video- conferencing Network

20. 20 August 14, 2000 29 Cities

21. Spread of Internet Services in Cities & Towns of Pakistan Information Technology 1050 2000 580 29 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003 Year

22. 822 cities on the Internet 2002 Iran Afghanistan India China From 40 to 1,000 Cities on Optical Fibre (2000-2005) SDH/PDH (525/622 Mb/s) backbone being upgraded to DWDM 10 Gb/s

23. Internet user growth Start point Today June 2000: 130,000 Oct 2006: >12 million Actual users more than 12 Million! Dial up

24. Plummeting costs…. Start point Today June 2000: US$ 87,000/E1 August 2001: US$ 6,000 October 2004 : US$ 3,800 Now US$ 950 per month/2 Mb/s !

25. Communications Network---the Effect of one Good Decision! 1992-2000, little Growth(300,000 phones) 2001, CPP regime brought in Network expansion of 3 million phone- lines ordered in 2002 ! Mobilink, U-fone Explosive growth continues till today (over 130 million phones todayhottest sector of the economy)

26. Pakistan Education & Research Network PERN – I Status (2003 – 08) Universities/ Institutes80 Core Bandwidth155 Mbps Last Mile Bandwidth4-24 Mbps International Leased Circuit 155 Mbps PERN – II Plans (2009 - 2013) Universities/ Institutes/R&E Org. 250+ Core Bandwidth10 Gbps Last Mile Bandwidth1 Gbps International Leased Circuit1.3 Gbps

27. Video Conferencing Facility 27 Launched in Dec 2006 2006200720082009Total Universities Equipped 414163670 Events organized 145324908941921 Events Lectures / Presentati ons Conferen ces Technic al Discussi on Meeting s Intervie ws Total Events 2006338--14 2007154102766320523 20086373168222490 2009631063016724894 Total283301230312661921

28. International Video-lecturing Program / Distance Learning High quality video-conferencin g equipment installed Series of international lectures (nation- wide) by top professors from leading world universities http://mitocw.pern.edu.pk) MIT Mirror Website for access to Open Source materials established ( http://mitocw.pern.edu.pk) http://mitocw.pern.edu.pk

29. Digital Library 25,000 full text journalsnation-wide,free-of- charge!!! One Window Search Engine developed with Lund University Web of Science, Scifinder Scholar, EMBASE, IEEE, Chem/Biol.Abstracts etc. 65,000 text books from 220 international publishers

30. Paksat 1 Ku Band C-Band

31. Virtual University 4 Digital Satellite (PAKSAT-1) TV Channels for content delivery (License for 2 granted) Satellite Earth Station 2 Recording Studios Potential for providing high quality training in remote areas of Pakistan

32. Increasing Access 1947-2003 : 135,000 university students 1947-2003 : 135,000 university students 2013 : 1,300,000 university students 2013 : 1,300,000 university students No. of Public Sector Universities / Degree Awarding Institutes : from 59 in 2000 to 157 in 2013 No. of Public Sector Universities / Degree Awarding Institutes : from 59 in 2000 to 157 in 2013

33. Increasing Access No. of students in Distance Edn. : 89,000 in 2001---- 1,200,000 now No. of students in Distance Edn. : 89,000 in 2001---- 1,200,000 now Women Participation In Higher Edn : 36.8% in 2002 to 46.2% in 2008 Women Participation In Higher Edn : 36.8% in 2002 to 46.2% in 2008

34. World University Rankings Higher Education Times, UK Rankings, November 2009: Higher Education Times, UK Rankings, November 2009: 5 Pakistani universities ranked among the top 600 universities of the World 5 Pakistani universities ranked among the top 600 universities of the World In Natural Sciences: In Natural Sciences: Karachi University at 223, NUST at 269 and QAU at 270 in world! Karachi University at 223, NUST at 269 and QAU at 270 in world! Overall NUST at 350 in 2009 Overall NUST at 350 in 2009

35. PAKISTAN: Rising Star Thomsons-Reuters: Research Growth from Pakistan is ranked 1 st in 5 Areas Thomsons-Reuters: Research Growth from Pakistan is ranked 1 st in 5 Areas Computer Science Computer Science Engineering Engineering Material Science Material Science Mathematics Mathematics Plant & Animal Sciences Plant & Animal Sciences Countries with the highest percent increase in total citations in the Worlds Best Science Research Journals Countries with the highest percent increase in total citations in the Worlds Best Science Research Journals http://sciencewatch.com/dr/rs/08sep-rs/ http://sciencewatch.com/dr/rs/08sep-rs/ http://sciencewatch.com/dr/rs/08sep-rs/

36. Ph.D. Output Growing by 30% annually !!

37. 37 Gender-wise Enrollment in Higher Education Institutions

38. Year-wise PhDs Produced

39. International Research Publications Impact Factor Journals

40. HEJ

41. Glowing International Reviews-- -A Silent Revolution World Bank World Bank USAID USAID British Council British Council Nature--27 th November 2007---- The Paradox of Pakistan Nature--27 th November 2007---- The Paradox of Pakistan Nature --28 th August 2008--- After MusharrafNature --28 th August 2008--- After Musharraf Nature--- 3 rd September 2009Nature--- 3 rd September 2009 Nature----22 nd September 2010Nature----22 nd September 2010

42. Nature, 22 nd September 2010 42 Rahman's strong scientific background, enthusiasm for reform and impressive ability to secure cash made him a hit at home and abroad---- It really was an anomaly that we had a person of that stature with that kind of backing Atta-ur-Rahman was a force of nature."

43. Highest Civil Award of Austria

44. International Prize for Pakistan TWAS (Italy) Prize for Institution Building TWAS (Italy) Prize for Institution Building Prize was conferred and Prize Lecture delivered by me in Durban, South Africa last month Prize was conferred and Prize Lecture delivered by me in Durban, South Africa last month

46. Prof. Michael Rode, Chairman of the United Nations Commission on Science, Technology and Development (2008): "Around the world when we discuss the status of higher education in different countries, there is unanimity of opinion that the developing country that has made the most rapid progress internationally in recent years is Pakistan. In no other country has the higher education sector seen such spectacular positive developments as that in Pakistan during the last six years. Unquote.

47. International Cooperation International Cooperation

48. International Cooperation Virtual Education Project of Pakistan (VEPP) Virtual Education Project of Pakistan (VEPP) 3000 lectures over last few years 3000 lectures over last few years Scientists from China, India, Sri Lanka and other countries can join in by delivering interactive courses through video- conferencing Scientists from China, India, Sri Lanka and other countries can join in by delivering interactive courses through video- conferencing Video-conferencing equipment not needed (Microsoft Communicator Lync) Video-conferencing equipment not needed (Microsoft Communicator Lync)

49. Integrated Distance Education (IDEa): Integrated Distance Education (IDEa): MOOCs FREE FREE OPEN TO ALL OPEN TO ALL MASSIVE---Hundreds of thousands of lectures MASSIVE---Hundreds of thousands of lectures ONLINE (Internet, Cable TV, Mobile appliances) ONLINE (Internet, Cable TV, Mobile appliances) Formal Qualifications possible Formal Qualifications possible

50. MIT Open Courseware: 110 million users worldwide have accessed--- over 20 million web site visits annually from 215 countries edX: Harvard University with MIT. 700K students Udacity: Stanford University More than a million students have registered (1.2 million in Feb 2013) Coursera: Stanford University, Enrolment in Coursera has exceeded 3.1 million and more than 200 courses are offered. Khan Academy: California, About 8,000 courses at school and college level, Future Learn

51. i-MOOCs Integrated Approach to MOOCs Integrated Approach to MOOCs Pakistan a leader! Pakistan a leader! All courses integrated and arranged according to levels (school, college, university) and disciplines All courses integrated and arranged according to levels (school, college, university) and disciplines Technical and vocational courses, language courses and Virtual University courses included Technical and vocational courses, language courses and Virtual University courses included Lej4learning.com.pk Lej4learning.com.pk

52. International Cooperation Joint research projects Joint research projects Joint publications Joint publications Exchange of faculty and students Exchange of faculty and students Open Access Instrumentation Open Access Instrumentation Network of Virtual Universities Network of Virtual Universities Joint Regional Networks and activities in various fields (Biotechnology, Engineering, Information Technology etc) supported by Academies of Science and other bodies Joint Regional Networks and activities in various fields (Biotechnology, Engineering, Information Technology etc) supported by Academies of Science and other bodies

54. Historic Meeting: Presidents of Pakistan and Indian Science Academies – Science building bridges

55. Investment in HRD Pays Back a Millon fold ! 12 Students trained under our scholarship program formed an IT company in Islamabad 12 Students trained under our scholarship program formed an IT company in Islamabad ---won a contract of US $ 250 million (Rs 20 billion) in competition to major international companies Innovation determines Progress----but you must create and nurture the Innovation Workers ! Innovation determines Progress----but you must create and nurture the Innovation Workers ! Sow the seeds today---the fruits will come 10 -15 years later !! Sow the seeds today---the fruits will come 10 -15 years later !!

56. The Four Pillars for Progress Education Education Science & Technology Science & Technology Innovation & Entrepreneurship Innovation & Entrepreneurship Visionary, Honest & Technologically Competent Leadership Visionary, Honest & Technologically Competent Leadership

58. PAKISTANs Potential Winners of International Science Olympiads

59. THANK YOU