1. The End of World War I

2. Review
BFAIR to the
MAIN
SLUTZ because she is
A-HOG

3. U.S. enters World War I
Germans sank British cruise ship “Listuania” – 128 Americans on board
Germans sink French steam boat “Sussex” – 2 Americans on board. Garmans issue Sussex Pledge
Must warn boats before attacking
Germans continue using unrestricted submarine warfare, revoke Sussex Pledge
U.S. and Great Britain very similar nations, american people feel the need to help the British win the war
British intercept “Zimmerman Note,” – Germans wanted Mexico to attack U.S. (U.S. enters war after this)

4. Propaganda

5. Total War By 1917, World War I had become known as a “total war”.
“Total War” – when countries devoted all their resources to the war effort

6. Back to the battlefield
U.S. entry would surely give the Allies an advantage on western front
However, The Eastern Front was desperate for help
Russia withdraws from the War, effects of war too hard on the people, plus government instability. Russia signs treaty with Germany March 1918.
Germany can send all troops to western front

7. The End of the War
Fresh and Eager Americans helped to push back the German forces in France
Shortly after, Centrals Powers started to surrender one by one
Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria first, then Austria- Hungary
November 11, 1918 – Germany met with Allied commander to sign an armistice
World War I over

8. Allies meet Paris peace conference
Allied Powers met outside Paris at Versailles to discuss what should happen to Central Powers as punishment
Major Leaders
Woodrow Wilson – U.S.
Geoges Clemenceau – France
David Lloyd George – Great Britain
Vittorio Orlando – Italy
(Central Powers not invited)

9. Wilson’s plan for peace
Wilsons “fourteen points” – outlined a plan to achieve lasting peace
No secret treaties
Freedom of the seas
Free trade
Reduced national army/navy
“Self-determination” – colonial countries choose if they want to be ruled by foreign power
“General association of Nations“ – later known as League of Nations

10. The Treaty of Versailles
Not many countries agreed with Wilson’s plan for peace (including U.S. citizens)
Cared more about national security and punishing Germany
Germany forced to accept sole responsibility for the war – “war guilt” clause
Germany lost substantial territory
Germany had to reduce its military forces
Germany had to pay reparations to the Allies
Germany excluded from League of Nations

11. The effects of the War. 8.5 millions soldiers died 21 million wounded
Entire generation of Europeans wiped out
Devastating economic impact – drained all treasuries of Europe
Cost $338 billion
Homes and farmland destroyed, civilians starved