1. Unit# 6: ICT Applications

2. Learning Objectives In this unit you will be learn about:
Word Processing Application
Spread Sheet Application
Presentation Application
Introduction to database and how to use MS Access
Introduction to Programming

3. Word Processing Application
Word-processing describes use of hardware and software to create, edit, view, format, store, retrieve, and print documents (written material such as letters, reports, books, etc.)

4. Commonly Supported Features in a Word-Processing Package
Entering text
Editing text
Formatting page style
Formatting text
Entering mathematical symbols
Displaying documents
Saving, retrieving and deleting documents
Printing documents
Importing text, graphics and images
Searching and replacing text string
Checking spelling
Checking grammar and style

5. Word Processing

6. Word-Processing (Few Terminologies)
Style sheet: Pre-stored page format that can be used while creating a new document or can be applied to an existing document
Font: Complete set of characters with the same style and size. A word-processing package comes with several standard fonts
Points: A point is 1/72 of an inch, and the size refers to the distance from the top of the tallest character to the bottom of the character that extends the lowest. Font size is measured in points

7. Word-Processing (Few Terminologies)
Three commonly used font styles are italic, bold and underline.
Justification: Alignment of text on the left or the right margin, or on both margins. Four types of justification are:
Left-justification
Right-justification
Center-justification
Full-justification

8. Spreadsheet Package
Spreadsheet package is a numeric data analysis tool that allows us to create a computerized ledger
Useful for any numerical analysis problem whose data can be organized as rows and columns

9. Uses of Spreadsheet Package
Maintaining and analyzing inventory, payroll, and other accounting records by accountants
Preparing budgets and bid comparisons by business analysts
Recording grades of students and carrying out various types of analysis of the grades by educators
Analyzing experimental results by scientists and researchers
Tracking stocks and keeping records of investor accounts by stockbrokers
Creating and tracking personal budgets, loan payments, etc. by individuals

10. Common Features of Spreadsheet Package
Support for a large number of cells
Support for addressing a range of cells by the addresses of the endpoint cells
Support for different types of cell data (such as label, numeric value, formula, and date & time)
Support for use of relative and absolute cell addresses in formula
Support for a wide range of commands
Support for displaying numeric data in the form of graphs and charts

11. Rows and Columns
A spreadsheet is a table consisting of columns and rows
The rows are labeled by numbers and the columns by letters

12. Cell, Formula, Functions
The intersection of a row and a column is called a cell. A cell is uniquely identified by its column and row designators
Formula:
Formula is a relationship between values of cells. It is used to apply mathematical equation among data items of a cell. For example, D2=B 1+C1 would calculate and display the sum of cells B1 and Cl into cell Dl.

13. Cell, Formula, Functions
Functions are built-in formulas for certain problems that have already been created and stored in the program. They are used as shortcuts when applying mathematical equations and give ease and flexibility to the users to handle complex calculations. Some examples are COUNT, SUM, MAX, and MIN.

14. Sample Spreadsheet

15. Graphs and Charts
Data and information in spreadsheets can be analyzed in a graphic form. Spreadsheets allow the users to display numerical data as a graph or chart.

16. Examples of a Line Graph, a Bar Chart and a Pie Chart

17. Presentation Application
PowerPoint is a closed source commercial presentation program developed by Microsoft.
Presentations
Slides
Overheads
Handouts
Speaker's Notes
Outlines
Website
Graphics

18. Database Software
Database is a collection of related data that allows the users to retrieve, edit and update the data. Database management system (DBMS) is an Application Software that allows users to develop, access, and administer a database. Data in a database can be added, updated, deleted and searched

19. What is a Programming Languages
A programming language is a set of rules that provides a way of telling a computer what operations to perform.
A programming language is a set of rules for communicating an algorithm.
It provides a linguistic framework for describing computations

20. What is a Programming Languages
A programming language is a notational system for describing computation in a machine-readable and human-readable form.
A programming language is a tool for developing executable models for a class of problem domains.

21. What is a Programming Languages
English is a natural language. It has words, symbols and grammatical rules.
A programming language also has words, symbols and rules of grammar.
The grammatical rules are called syntax.
Each programming language has a different set of syntax rules.

22. Why Are There So Many Programming Languages
Why does some people speak French?
Programming languages have evolved over time as better ways have been developed to design them.
First programming languages were developed in the 1950s.
Since then thousands of languages have been developed.
Different programming languages are designed for different types of programs.

23. Levels of Programming Languages