1. Physiologic Mastectomy via Flank Laparotomy
Andrew J. Allen, DVM, George M. Barrington, DVM, PhD, Steve M. Parish, DVM 
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice 
Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages (November 2008)
DOI: /j.cvfa
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1 Blood supply to the bovine mammary gland.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Find the external pudendal artery as it transverses through the inguinal ring.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Bluntly dissect the vessels from the body wall with tips of fingers and thumb.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Dissect the vessels until you can get two fingers between the vessels and the body wall.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5 Insert cable tie under vessels.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6 Insert cable tie into ratchet case and tighten.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7
Long-handled carmalt forceps can assist in tightening the cable tie.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

9. Fig. 8 Thrombosed vessel opened with cable tie in the center.
Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice  , DOI: ( /j.cvfa )
Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions