1. Classification of Animals
origin of life david attenbourogh

2. Zoology
Zoology: The study of how animals function, live, reproduce and interact

3. Taxonomy
Taxonomy: The science of classification
SciShow Taxonomy

4. Aristotle
The first person to classify organisms based on their physical similarities
We used this system from 400 BC until 1600 AD
Plants: put into groups based on their size
Herbs, shrubs, trees
Animals: put into groups based on where they live
Land, water, air

5. Linnaeus 1707-1778 “Father of Taxonomy”
Swedish scientist who classified plants and animals according to morphology
Designed binomial nomenclature
Morphology: the study of form, function and structure of organisms

6. Charles Darwin 1809-1882 “father of evolution”
Published evidence for evolution which explained how animals have appeared and developed over time
Also explained how animals are related to each other
Evolution: changes in the genetic make up of organisms over time

7. DNA Recent DNA evidence shows us how closely related organisms are
The more DNA organisms share, the more closely related they are

8. Linnaean Classification System
Linnaean Classification System: The system we use today to classify organisms

9. Order
Class
Family
Phylum
Genus
Kingdom
Species

11. Why scientific names? Common names can be confusing
Bony fish are fish like a bass, trout or carp
Which of the following are true bony fish?
starfish crayfish silverfish
jellyfish shellfish goldfish

12. Bony Fish???

13. Different common names for the same organism?
England: Lady bird US: Lady bug
Even within the same country
there can be confusion……
“Mountain lion, puma, cougar, panther”

14. Binomial Nomenclature
Binomial Nomenclature: A universal system of naming organisms that uses only the genus and species name of the organism

15. Why use Scientific Names?
1. Avoids the confusion across languages
2. Tells us something about the organism

16. Rules of Naming
1. The genus is always written first and is capitalized
2. The species is always written second and is never capitalized
3. Italicize both if typing and underline both if handwriting

17. Examples Homo sapiens - Humans Canis familiaris - dog
Canis lupus - wolf
Felis catus – domesticated cat

18. Kingdom………….. Animalia: organisms that move on their own and ingest other organisms
Phylum……….…….Chordata: have a notochord, gills and a tail during development
Class…………….....Mammalia: have 3 middle ear bones, hair, produce milk, bear live young
Order……………....Carnivora: have teeth designed to chew meat
Family…………..….Canidae: share characteristics such as skull shape and number of teeth
Genus………….….Canis: includes dogs, wolves, coyotes, and jackals
Species……….…...familiaris: domesticated dog