1. English Teachers’ Professional Development

2. Read and choose the correct explanation : 2017 : B : 2.3
Make sure the door shuts behind you when you leave the building in the evening.
Don’t leave the building in the evening without checking that the door is closed.
The door to this building should be closed until the evening.
The door to this building should be left open during the day.

3. Read and choose the correct explanation : 2017 : B : 2.3
Dear Mum We’re staying in the mountains tomorrow night after we’ve spent the day walking. Then, before we travel to the coast, we’re going to spend two days in the city. Paula
Paula is travelling from the coast to the city.
Paula is walking in the mountains before she goes to the city.
Paula is staying on the coast before she travels to the mountains.

4. Read and choose the correct explanation : 2017 : B : 2.3
James Sally can’t get tickets for the film tonight. Can you go either tomorrow afternoon or evening? Ring her as soon as you get home or by 5 at the latest. Mum
James should phone Sally before 5 tomorrow about going to the cinema.
James should try to buy the cinema tickets as Sally can’t get them.
James should tell Sally before 5 today whether he can go to the cinema tomorrow.

5. Complete the following sentences using ONE of the words below :
TOO, SO , EITHER, NOR
I watch TV every evening. - _______ do I.
Dan never tidies his room. - I don’t ______.
Pete hadn’t brought a warm jacket. - _______ had I.
My friends were singing loudly. - I was _______.
Paul would like to help you. - ______ would I.
Kelly doesn’t have a smart phone. - I don’t ______.
Phil will be here tomorrow by 7 pm. - _______ will I.
Sally went to the gym on Saturday. - I did _______.
I don’t sleep well the night before a test. - _______ do I.
Carl didn’t use to live here. - I didn’t ______.

6. Complete the following sentences :
I watch TV every evening. - So __________.
Dan never tidies his room. - _______ either.
Pete hadn’t brought a warm jacket. - Nor _________.
My friends were singing loudly. - __________too.
Paul would like to help you. - So __________.
Kelly doesn’t have a smart phone. - ________either.
Phil will be here tomorrow by 7 pm. - So __________.
Sally went to the gym on Saturday. - __________too.
I don’t sleep well the night before a test. - Nor_________.
Carl didn’t use to live here. - ________either.

7. Practice : Give every student one small piece of paper.
Every student writes a sentence about themselves :
EXAMPLE – I live in Hovd.
I can speak English.
I have never been to China.
Take the papers and mix them up.
Give each student one of the papers.
The students then stand in a double line.
They read their sentence and the person opposite them agrees.
Then they swap papers and swap partners.

8. Identify and circle one underlined word or phrase that should be corrected :
2017A: 2.2 : c
John and his sister studied literature last year, and so does Jane.
2017B: 2.2 : c
Bilegt is studying biology at the university last year, and so did Anand.
2017C: 2.2 : c
The train leaves at five o’clock tomorrow, wasn’t it?

9. Reported Speech
Reported Speech = Indirect Speech The OPPOSITE is Quoted Speech Quoted Speech = Direct Speech

10. I am going to show you FIVE questions connected to reported speech.
1. “Did he use the computer to find the secret code?” the manager asked his secretary. The manager asked his secretary if he ___________ the computer to find the secret code. A. used B. has used C. is used D. had used E. uses 2. Fred asked me “What do you want to eat?” Fred asked me what I ______________ to eat. A. have been wanted C. have wanted E. wanted B. want D. had wanted 3. My daughter asked me “Will you help me with my homework?” My daughter asked me if I ____________ her with her homework. A. help C. would helped E. would help B. will help D. would be helped 4. The new student asked the professor “Are you Mr. Buyan?” The new student asked the professor if____________ Mr. Buyan. A. was he B. he is C. he was D. is he E. he will be 5. The policeman asked me “Where were you last night at the time of the burglary?” The policeman asked me where I __________ the night before, at the time of the burglary. A. will be B. have been C. was D.am E. had been
Every year there is at least one reported speech question on the university entrance exam.
I am going to show you FIVE questions connected to reported speech.
I want you to answer these questions silently and individually. 1= 2= 3= 4= 5=
We’re going to wait until the end of the lesson to look at the answers together.

11. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech STATEMENTS
Fundamentals of English Grammar : Betty Schrampfer Azar p.367
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I work hard.”
Present simple
What did he say?
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He said (that) he worked hard.
Past simple

12. Present continuous Past continuous
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I am working hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he was working hard.
What did he say?

13. Present perfect Past perfect
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I have worked hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he had worked hard.
What did he say?

14. Past Perfect continuous Present perfect continuous
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I have been working hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he had been working hard.
What did he say?

15. NOTE : same as present perfect!
Past
Perfect
Past simple
NOTE : same as present perfect!
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I worked hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he had worked hard.
What did he say?

16. PRACTICE

17. ‘was/were’ Going to Future
‘am/is/are’ going to
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I am going to work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he was going to work hard.
What did he say?

18. Future
will
would
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I will work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he would work hard.
What did he say?

19. can
could
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I can work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he could work hard.
What did he say?

20. may
might
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I may work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he might work hard.
What did he say?

21. Have to
Had to
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I have to work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he had to work hard.
What did he say?

22. must
Had to
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I must work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he had to work hard.
What did he say?

23. should
should
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I should work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he should work hard.
What did he say?

24. Ought to
Ought to
QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “I ought to work hard.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He said (that) he ought to work hard.
What did he say?

25. QUOTED SPEECH
He said, “I work hard.”
He said, “I am working hard.”
He said, “I have worked hard.”
He said, “I have been working hard.”
He said, “I worked hard.”
He said, “I am going to work hard.”
He said, “I will work hard.”
He said, “I can work hard.”
He said, “I may work hard.”
He said, “I have to work hard.”
He said, “I must work hard.”
He said, “I should work hard.”
He said, “I ought to work hard.”
p367 Fundamentals of English Grammar.
Betty Schrampfer Azar.
REPORTED SPEECH
He said (that) he worked hard.
He said (that) he was working hard.
He said (that) he had worked hard.
He said (that) he had been working hard.
He said (that) he was going to work hard.
He said (that) he would work hard.
He said (that) he could work hard.
He said (that) he might work hard.
He said (that) he had to work hard.
He said (that) he should work hard.
He said (that) he ought to work hard.

26. “Don’t write on the desk.”
COMMANDS QUOTED : DIRECT She said, “Do your homework.” REPORTED : INDIRECT She told me to do my homework.
“Don’t write on the desk.”
What did he say?
She told me not to write on the desk.

27. “You shouldn’t stay out late.”
ADVICE QUOTED : DIRECT He said, “You should see a doctor.” REPORTED : INDIRECT He advised me to see a doctor.
“You shouldn’t stay out late.”
What did he say?
He advised me not to stay out late.

28. ALSO : REMINDERS, REQUESTS AND WARNINGS
QUOTED/DIRECT SPEECH
REPORTED/INDIRECT SPEECH
He said, “Remember to bring your book.”
He reminded me to bring my book.
He said, “Don’t forget to come on time.”
He reminded me to come on time.
He said, “Don’t be late!”
He reminded me not to be late.
He said, “Please help me?”
He asked me to help him.
He said, “Please don’t be late tomorrow.”
He asked me not to be late tomorrow.
He said, “Duck!”
He warned me to duck.
He said, “Don’t slip on the ice!”
He warned me not to slip on the ice.

29. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
Fundamentals of English Grammar : Betty Schrampfer Azar
QUOTED : DIRECT “Do you live in Hovd?
Does he live in Hovd?
Present simple
What did he say?
What did he ask?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I lived in Hovd.
He asked me if he lived in Hovd.
Past simple
if = whether

30. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Are you a teacher?
Are they doctors?
Present simple
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I was a teacher.
He asked me if they were doctors.
Past simple

31. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Are you going home?
Present continuous
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I was going home.
Past continuous

32. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Were you playing chess?
Past continuous
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I had been playing chess.
Past perfect continuous

33. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Did you play chess?
Past simple
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I had played chess.
Past perfect

34. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Have you played chess?
Present perfect
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I had played chess.
Past perfect

35. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Will you play chess?
Future - will
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I would play chess.
would

36. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Are you going to play chess?
Future
- am/is/are going to
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I was going to play chess.
Was/were going to

37. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : GENERAL / YES/NO
QUOTED : DIRECT “Can you play chess?
can
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me if I could play chess.
could

38. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where do you live?
Where does she live?
Present simple
What did he say?
What did he ask?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I lived.
He asked me where she lived.
Past simple

39. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where are you?
Where are they?
Present simple
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I was.
He asked me where they were.
Past simple

40. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where are you going?
Present continuous
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I was going.
Past continuous

41. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where were you?
Past simple
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I had been.
Past perfect

42. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where did you go?
Past simple
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I had gone.
Past perfect

43. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where will you go?
Future - will
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I would go.
would

44. Reported Speech : Indirect Speech QUESTIONS : SPECIAL : WH
QUOTED : DIRECT “Where are you going to go?
Future
- am/is/are going to
What did he say?
REPORTED : INDIRECT
He asked me where I was going to go.
Was/were going to

45. EXTRA NOTES QUOTED REPORTED this that these those here there now
then / at that moment
today
that day
yesterday
the previous day / the day before
tomorrow
the next day / the day after
tonight
that night
She told me that she had met her new teacher there the previous day.
“Look at this book!”
He told me to look at that book.
“I met my new teacher here yesterday.

46. 1. “Did he use the computer to find the secret code
1. “Did he use the computer to find the secret code?” the manager asked his secretary. The manager asked his secretary if he ___________ the computer to find the secret code. A. used B. has used C. is used D. had used E. uses 2. Fred asked me “What do you want to eat?” Fred asked me what I ______________ to eat. A. have been wanted C. have wanted E. wanted B. want D. had wanted 3. My daughter asked me “Will you help me with my homework?” My daughter asked me if I ____________ her with her homework. A. help C. would helped E. would help B. will help D. would be helped 4. The new student asked the professor “Are you Mr. Buyan?” The new student asked the professor if____________ Mr. Buyan. A. was he B. he is C. he was D. is he E. he will be 5. The policeman asked me “Where were you last night at the time of the burglary?” The policeman asked me where I __________ the night before, at the time of the burglary. A. will be B. have been C. was D.am E. had been