1. Personal Reflections on the First 50 Years of Cardiovascular Surgery
John E. Connolly, MD, FACS, FRCS ENG (HON), FRCS ED (HON), FRCS I (HON), VAS SURG SOC GB&I (HON), JEC JSS (HON) 
Journal of the American College of Surgeons 
Volume 217, Issue 2, Pages (August 2013)
DOI: /j.jamcollsurg
Copyright © 2013 American College of Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
(A) Robert E Gross. (Reprinted from: the Children's Hospital Boston Archives, with permission.) (B) Coarctation.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Gross.)
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3. Figure 2
(A) Diagram of a blue baby operation. (Courtesy of Dr James V Maloney Jr, with permission.) (B) Alfred Blalock.
(Courtesy of the American College of Surgeons Archives, with permission.)
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4. Figure 3
(A) Dwight Harken. (Courtesy of Dr Alden H Harken, with permission.) (B) Finger fracture mitral valve.
(Courtesy of Dr Alden H Harken, with permission.)
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5. Figure 4 Kunlin, first femoral-popliteal bypass.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Kunlin.)
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6. Figure 5 Sid Dos Santos endarterectomy.
(Reprinted from: Connolly JE, Price T. Aortoiliac endarterectomy: a lost art? Ann Vasc Surg 2006:20:56–62, with permission.)
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7. Figure 6
(A) Norman Freeman. (Reprinted from: Connolly JE. Norman Freeman: the “first” American specialist in vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg 1995:22:188–194, with permission.) (B) Remove renal artery stenosis. (Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Norman Freeman.) (C) Vascular laboratory at Franklin Hospital in San Francisco.
(Reprinted from: Connolly JE. Norman Freeman: the “first” American specialist in vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg 1995:22:188–194, with permission. Photo courtesy of Dr John E Connolly.)
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8. Figure 7 Sam Etheredge, thoracic abdominal aortic aneurysm.
(Reprinted from: Connolly JE. Norman Freeman: the “first” American specialist in vascular surgery. J Vasc Surg 1995:22:188–194, with permission. Photo courtesy of Dr Sam Etheredge.)
Journal of the American College of Surgeons  , DOI: ( /j.jamcollsurg )
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9. Figure 8 Angiogram that shows branches.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly.)
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10. Figure 9
(A) Bill Bigelow. (Courtesy of the University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services and Robert Lansdale Photography ( [721071].) (B) F John Lewis. (Reprinted from: Bolman RM 3rd. Lillehei Heart Institute Lifetime Achievement Awards. Ann Thorac Surg 2005: 79:S2257–S2259, with permission.) (C) Gross atrial well.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Gross.)
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11. Figure 10 Felix Eastcott, with his back to the camera.
(From Dr George R. Dunlop, Worcester, Massachusetts [deceased] and reprinted from: Connolly JE. The evolution of extracranial carotid artery surgery as seen by one surgeon over the past 40 years. J Roy Coll Surg Edinburgh and Ireland 2003:1:249–258, with permission.)
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12. Figure 11 John Gibbon and his wife Mary Gibbon.
(Courtesy of Bill Sullivan at the University of Minnesota.)
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13. Figure 12
(A) Walt Lillehei. (Courtesy of the University of Minnesota Archives.) (B) Cross circulation.
(Courtesy of Bill Sullivan at the University of Minnesota.)
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14. Figure 13
Richard DeWall's bubble oxygenator, with Drs Richard DeWall (left) and Vincent Gott (right).
(Courtesy of Dr Richard DeWall.)
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15. Figure 14
(A) Werner Forssmann. (Courtesy of Dr A Benedict Cosimi.) (B) Andre Cournand.
(Courtesy of University Archives, Columbia University in the City of New York.)
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16. Figure 15 Arthur Voorhees.
(Reprinted from: Smith RB 3rd. Arthur B. Voorhees, Jr.: pioneer vascular surgeon. J Vasc Surg 1993:18:341–348, with permission.)
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17. Figure 16
Norman Shumway.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Shumway.)
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18. Figure 17
Christiaan Barnard's first heart transplant patient, Louis Washkansky.
(Courtesy of the Heart of Cape Town Museum, Groote Schuur Hospital, Western Cape, South Africa.)
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19. Figure 18
Diagram of cages for animal conditioning. (A) Outer acclimatization cage; (B and C) inner caged areas guarded by swinging black or white doors.
(Reprinted from: Connolly JE. Bloodless surgery by means of profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Effect on brain and heart. Ann Surg 1965:162:724–737, with permission.)
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20. Figure 19 Vineberg procedure.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Vineberg.)
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21. Figure 20
Mason Sones.
(Reprinted with permission from The Cleveland Clinic Center for Medical Art & Photography ©2012. All rights reserved.)
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22. Figure 21 Dog vein bypass. (Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly.)
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23. Figure 22 Ed Garrett bypass. (Courtesy of Dr H Edward Garrett Jr.)
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24. Figure 23 Rene Favaloro and Donald Effler.
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly; gift from Dr Effler.)
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25. Figure 24
(A) Starr-Edwards valve. (Courtesy of Dr Albert Starr.) (B) Jarvik-7 heart. (Courtesy of the University of Utah.) (C) Gruntzig stents.
(Courtesy of Professor Ake Senning, FACS[Hon] [deceased] and reprinted from: Grüntzig AR, Senning A, Siegenthaler WE. Nonoperative dilatation of coronary-artery stenosis: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med 1979;301:61–68, with permission.)
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26. Figure 25
(A) Michael DeBakey. (Courtesy of Lois DeBakey.) (B) Denton Cooley (right) and his friend, Dr John E Connolly, after Cooley's first hole in one!
(Courtesy of Dr John E Connolly, with permission from Dr Denton Cooley.)
Journal of the American College of Surgeons  , DOI: ( /j.jamcollsurg )
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